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College, Newport. In Shropshire the regular practice is to leave 

 all cows in the field at night till the end of October, after which 

 they are kept in the house at night and put out during the day. 

 In each year two lots of 5 cows each were selected for experi- 

 ment, the cows corresponding as nearly as possible as to date of 

 calving, length of time in milk and weight of animal. Both lots 

 went in the same pasture during the day, but at night one lot 

 was kept in the house, while the other was put out into the field. 

 In each year the climatic conditions varied considerably during the 

 progress of experiment, and there were nights when the thermo- 

 meter fell below the freezing point. The lot of cows outside, how- 

 ever, yielded more milk with increased per cent of fat, as well as 

 increasing in live-weight. 



Experiment in Scotland, On the suggestion of the author it was 

 arranged that five stocks would be placed at the disposal of the 

 Science Committee of the Highland and Agricultural Society in 

 the autumn of 1908, and that arrangements would be made for 

 erecting a suitable division across the byres, and for providing 

 persons and apparatus suitable for experiment. 



A set of instructions for persons carrying out the experiment 

 are reported, as well as the preliminary trials. Details are given of 

 the accomodation, ventilation, etc., provided at each centre ; of the 

 food used, and of the age and date of calving of the cows. 



It was found that the cows in the freely ventilated byres gave 

 on average a trifle more milk during the cold period than they 

 did during the warm period, when the temperature of the air of 

 the byres was on the average 12.5 F. higher. The same applies 

 to those which had been restricted in ventilation and been kept 

 warm, only in their, case the increase during the cold period is 

 a trifle more. 



While the uniformity in the yield of milk indicated good milk- 

 ing all over, there, were a number of cows the milk of which varied 

 in fat much more than the others. From a close study of the in- 

 dividual cows and milkers employed in this experiment, the author 

 comes to the conclusion that much of this irregularity is the result 

 of careless or indifferent milking ; and he believes that with efficient 

 and reliable milkers, there should at least be no difficulty in getting 

 uniform percentages of fat from weekly composite samples of milk. 



The following table is reported, giving the total milk produced 

 at each farm by the cows in the restricted ventilated byres for an 



