- 553 - 



animals, being specially prevalent in cattle and pigs ; less of the 

 trouble is met with in horses, sheep, and goats. Cats and dogs 

 are subjet to it, and a form of the disease is common among 

 poultry. 



There are from 2 l / 2 to 3 millions of cows and heifers in Great 

 Britain ; about 25 to 30 per cent (600 ooo to 800 ooo) are tubercu- 

 lous; according to M'Fadyean about 2 per cent of them, repre- 

 senting a total of over 50 ooo cows, have the disease in the udder 

 and yield milk containing the virulent germs of the disease. 



In Islington (London) Dr. Harris found, in 1899, over 14 per 

 cent of the samples of milk examined contained the tubercle ba- 

 cillus; from 23 to 38 per cent of the milk examined in Berlin in 

 1897 by two different observers was found to be infected, and in 

 Paris 33 per cent, of the samples gave similar results. The un- 

 doubted presence of these bacilli in the milk supplied to the public 

 makes the question of the transmissibility of the disease to mankind 

 through the consumption of this article of diet a matter of first- 

 rate importance." 



A. HALSTEAD. Pure Milk for Cities. -- (Daily Cons, and Trade 

 Rpts. (U. S.), 1909, No. 3626, 7). E. S. R., Vol. XXII, Ja- 

 nuary 1910. 



This is a report on recent efforts which have been made by 

 the health department of the city of Birmingham, England, to 

 combat the spread of tuberculosis by supplying dairy farms within 

 10 miles of the city with free tuberculin and veterinary assistance 

 for testing their cows. 



A Voluntary System of Control in Milk Production. - The 



Journal of the Board of Agriculture. June 1910, vol. XVII, n. 3, 

 p. 225. 



" A system of voluntary control of milk is in operation at 

 Plymouth. If a farmer supplying milk to Plymouth undertakes to 

 comply with certain conditions calculated to obviate risk of infec- 

 tion and to ensure a supply of clean milk, the fact is advertised 

 once a year by the Local Authority by means of press notices and 

 placards, and he is allowed to exhibit in the shops where his milk 

 is sold a certificate, signed by the Medical Officer of Health, to 

 the effect that the premises on which the milk is produced are 



