DISEASES OF FARM ANIMALS 163 



There is no essential difference in the nature of 

 the disease determined by the particular agent or 

 condition which causes it. " Water founder," and 

 that produced by over-feeding, concussion, or ex- 

 treme fatigue are, in so far as the character of the 

 disease is concerned, one and the same thing. 



Founder May Occur in the fore or hind feet or 

 in both; but generally the fore feet are those af- 

 fected. A stiffness and disinclination to move are 

 perhaps the first symptoms noticed. The position 

 in which the animal stands is characteristic. The 



fore feet will be placed 

 well forward, so that the 

 weight will be borne by 

 the heels, while the hind 

 feet are brought well up 

 under the body in order 

 to take as much weight 

 off the front feet as 

 FOUNDER possible. This position 



gives a rather un- 



In bad cases of founder 



the foot shrinks from the steady appearance to 



wasting of the sensitive sub- . , , ,, , . 



stances. A typical foundered animal, and the hind 

 foot is pictured here. feet arfi f r e q u e n 1 1 y 



shifted in order to maintain as steady a posi- 

 tion as possible. From this fact founder is 

 frequently mistaken by inexperienced persons for a 

 disease of the kidneys. The body temperature is 

 usually considered increased ; that is, there is fever 

 as it is generally expressed due to inflamma- 

 tion in the feet. As is usual in the first stages of 

 inflammation, the pulse beat is increased in fre- 

 quency and force. An increase of heat in the feet, 

 with a manifestation of pain when the hoofs are 

 tapped with a hammer, are, when taken with all 

 the foregoing facts, sufficient evidence of founder. 



