respectively for girls at ages 1 4 to 1 5 and 1 5 to 16. These weights 

 correspond to a lesser departure than 15% from the averages, 

 but public policy would seem to require added restrictions on 

 these abnormal cases. 



CONCLUSION 



The writers have endeavored, in this paper, to present 

 standards of height and weight for the determination of physical 

 fitness of children to be certificated for employment. It should 

 be borne in mind, however, that heights and weights, while 

 important factors, are not, in themselves, sufficient guides for 

 this purpose. It is understood that every child is required to 

 undergo a thorough medical examination, in which the eye- 

 sight and hearing, the condition of the teeth and the pharynx 

 and palate are examined, and in which the functioning of the 

 heart and lungs is carefully tested. It is to be assumed that 

 a lesion in any of the vital organs of the child will cause the 

 examiner to refuse an employment certificate, regardless of 

 height and weight. 



In this connection it is interesting to recall additional 

 standards that have been suggested by scientific authorities. 

 Crampton, Rotch*and others hold that the stage of physiological 

 development should be taken into consideration. They point 

 out that there is a marked difference between the chronologic 

 and the physiologic age of children, and direct attention, among 

 other things, to the different stages of puberty and of ossification 

 of the wrist bones and of the epiphyses of the radius and ulna. 

 Thus a child may satisfy the requirements of the law as 

 to chronologic age, but, anatomically, maybe found to correspond 

 to the normal development of a child much younger. Ob- 

 viously the strain of industrial work would result in harm 

 to such a child. These are matters the importance of which 

 will be appreciated in time as the communities awaken to 

 the importance of the subject and make the requirements 

 for issuing employment certificates more stringent. However, 

 as long as present conditions obtain, it is hoped that the con- 

 tribution of the authors on the subject of height and weight 

 will be generally applied, and that it will serve to better the 

 interests of the children even under the present law. 



*C. Ward Crampton, "Physiological Age A Fundamental Principle," 

 American Physical Education Review, yol. XIII, 1908. 



Thomas Morgan Rotch," Chronologic and Anatomic Age in Early Life," 

 The Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. LI., Chicago, 1908. 



41 



