On Orchards. 215 



planted, and it was fit for boiling or roasting in six 

 weeks. I am satisfied we can have two crops of this 

 divarf corn^ in one season. I have sent one of the ears 

 to Maryland, This corn will, in a course of time, 

 change its nature, and assimilate with our o^vn. I never 

 had any seed that did not change, with all the care I 

 could take. The fact is so with me, whatever be the 

 cause : be it soil, climate, or mixture of the farina fe- 

 cundans of other corn. One must be isolated, to try 

 this experiment, far from any grain of tl"ke same specieso 

 T\\Q farina is wafted by winds, to great distances. 



22c/ February, 1808, 



I have examined my deep planted apple trees, in dif» 

 ferent parts of the young orchard, by digging down as 

 low as the original roots; 2 feet and 2 1-2 feet deep. — - 

 I find they have sent forth numerous roots, in all direc- 

 tions ; from those planted with the trees, about 6 or 7 

 years ago, to those in the surface mould ; which are the 

 most vigorous. A^ature takes her own course; and 

 thus directs where we should place the roots of trees 

 transplanted. Fibrous roots are frequent on the stocks ; 

 and are larger or smaller, according to the kinds of sub- 

 strata, they have to penetrate^ On part of this orchard, 

 I raised my heavy crop of wheat, the last season. In 

 it there are 200 trees of various kinds, all grafted ; a few 

 excepted, but not all planted deep. The surface is very 

 well dressed and tilled, and in high order. I found the 

 old surface in a brown or black stratum (turned down 

 by the trench plough many years ago) affording a fine 

 nourishment to the roots. But the lower roots are ge- 

 nt^ rally mean, in comparison with those shot out in 



