410 TREES AND SHRUBS OF MASSACHUSETTS. 



Salix cordata (Heart-leaved Willow). A low tree on the Connecticut, 

 Nashua, and other rivers of the State. 



Salix rostrata (Beaked Willow). Found in all varieties of soil, but 

 growing best in moderately rich, moist grounds, in open woods. 



Salix alba (White Willow). Introduced, and extensively planted in this 

 country. 



Salix vitelUna (Yellow Willow : Golden Osier). Introduced, and more ex- 

 tensively propagated than any other foreign willow. 



Salix fragilis (Crack Willow). Introduced ; a small tree of rapid growth. 



Salix Russelliana (Bedford Willow). Introduced. A tree of rapid 

 growth. 



Salix nigra (Black Willow). A small tree. 



Salix lucida (Glossy Willow). A small tree found in all parts of the 

 State, and of New England. 



Salix Babylonia {Wee]^ing Willow). Introduced. 



IX.— AETOCARPiE : The Bread-Feuit Famly. 



Morus rubra (Red Mulberry). Found wild on Westfield River. Other 

 species, as the M. alba., M. nigra, &c., are introduced. 



X.— ULMACE^ : The Elm Family. 



Ulmus Americana (American, or White Elm). Found throughout the 

 State, and a most magnificent tree. It grows in almost any soil, 

 but best on rich, moist ground, as on the banks of large rivers. 

 Mr. E. mentions many specimens of this tree in the State noted for 

 their historical associations or great size, and measurements of sev- 

 eral are given. The seed ripens in May or June, and should be 

 sown at once. It bears transplanting well, and bears mutilation 

 remarkably. 



Ulmus fulva (Slippery Elm). Smaller than the preceding ; rare in the 

 eastern part of the State, but more abundant in the western coun- 

 ties. The largest tree seen measured 6 feet 10 inches at 4 feet from 

 the ground. 



TJlmus campestre (Common European Elm). Introduced and growing 

 rapidly and luxuriantly. One is mentioned in Roxbury that meas- 

 ures 17 feet 5 inches at 3 feet from the ground, and 15 feet 10 inches 

 at 5 feet. 



Ulmus montana (Scotch Elm). Introduced. 



Celtis occidentalis (Nettle Tree). Found here and there, but not in quan- 

 tities, throughout the State ; indeed it is so rare that it has no fixed 

 pommon name. 



Celtis crassifolia {Rack-hevTy). Found on the banks of the Connecticut 

 and near Lowell. 



XI.— SANTALACE^ : The Sandal- Wood Fajmily. 



lifyssa multiflora (Tupelo). Called in Bristol and other southeastern 

 counties, the snag-tree or horn-pine, and in the western part of the 

 State, the pepperidge ; it is also called hornbeam, but nowhere the 

 gum-tree, as it is known South. Wood so difficult to split that 

 little use is made of it. A remarkable tree of this species is de- 

 scribed as growing in Cohasset that is 11 feet around at the roots. 



