"554 FOREST CULTURE IN IOWA. 



2. Additional plantations must be made for each separate entry for premiums. In 

 other words, a person awarded a premium in one class will not bo entitled to a premium 

 on the same trees in another class. 



3. The plantations competing for these premiums must be made with rooted seed- 

 lings or plants, with the exceptions here mentioned. Of willows and soft-wooded 

 trees, growing readily from cuttings, strong cuttings may be used. Also, in the class 

 of nut-bearing trees, white walnut and black walnut may bo started where wanted from 

 seeds. 



4. All tree-seeds and cuttings must be planted in permanent timber plantations or 

 belts in the spring of 1875. The plantations must not be made at a greater distance 

 than four feet each way, and, when counted, there must be at least 2,3U0 trees to each 

 acre. The plantations comiieting for a premium must be on one farm, but need not be 

 contiguous. 



5. The competitor must count his trees in the presence of the witnesses between the 

 1st and 15th days of October, 1875, counting only those which are alive at tbat time. 

 After counting, competitor must make affidavit before a justice of the peace or notary 

 public as to the following facts: 



(A.) Wbole number of trees in permanent grove, planted in spring of 1875, and now 

 alive. (B.) Name and number of each kind planted. (C.) How planted. (D.) How 

 cultivated. (E.) Cost of plantation. (F.) Average size of each species of trees. 



An affidavit shall be made by both witnesses of the counting, and the officer who 

 administers the affidavit shall certify to the identity and credibility of the competitor 

 and his witnesses. 



6. The affidavit prescribed above to be forwarded to the secretary of the State Hor- 

 ticultural Society, Joseph L. Budd, Shellsburg, Benton County, not later than Decem- 

 ber 1. 



7. Premiums will be awarded at the next meeting of the society, at the City of Des 

 Moines, on the third Tuesday in January.^ 



The growing of forest trees from cuttings in loica. 



Mr. J. L. Budd, now of the Iowa State Agricultural College, furuished 

 for the State Horticultural Report of 1868, p. Ill, an article upon this 

 subject, from which we condense the following: 



The red maple {Acer ruhrum), silver maple {A. dasycarpum), ash- 

 leaved maple {Negundo aceroides), cottonwoods {Populus monWfera and 

 angulata), balm of Gilead (P. halsamifera), Lombardy poplar (P. dilatata), 

 ■white poplar (P. alba), sycamore {Flatanns occidentalis), and white wil- 

 low {Salix alba), will grow from cuttings, and all thrive on tbe Western 

 prairies. They should be cut early in winter, before severe freezing, in 

 lengths of about one foot. They should be chosen from three-fourths of 

 an inch to an iuch and a half in diameter, and the lower end with a clean 

 cut, without bruising or mashing. Of maples the two-year-old wood is 

 best; of the other kinds it makes but little difference, if the growth is 

 free and healthy. Tie in bundles with willows, the lower end nicely 

 eveued so that when placed on the ground in spring every piece will 

 touch the moist earth. Pack the bundles in a dry-goods box with moist 

 prairie soil, putting the box where it will not get too dry or wet, and 

 will not freeze. With the first warm weather of spring clean off a spot 

 under an old hay-stack, level the surface carefully, and set the bundles, 

 butt-end down, closely together, upon the fresh moist earth; then cover 

 them with straw so as to keep them from the air. By the time the 

 ground gets warm enough to plant, the base of the cuttings will be soft- 

 ened, and most of them will have emitted small roots. 



Plant to the west and north of buildings, but do uot plant too close. 

 This is the grand fault with beginners. Make the tract for yards, 

 orchards, gardens, &c., plenty large enough, Mark out the ground 

 one way three feet apart. Plant alternately a row of small growing 



I One award was made in January, 1876, to Lawrie Tatem, of Cedar County. Tbis 

 plantation consisted of 1,448 ash (of which 52 died); .337 European larch (42 died); 

 306 Austrian pine (56 died) ; 274 white pines (70 died) ; 387 Scotch jMnes (19 died) ; aud 

 256 Norway spruce (14 died). 



