FOREST RESOURCES OF WYOMING: MONTANA. 591 

 WYOMING TERRITORY. 



In the report upon the reconnaissance of Northwestern Wyoming and 

 the Yellowstone National Park, in 1873, by Capt. William A. Jones, U. 

 S. A., it is estimated that the timber of this region covers 2,000,000 

 acres,^ the presence of which indicates a somewhat equitable amount of 

 rain-fall, doubtless sufficient for cultivation without irrigation, so far as 

 its great elevation and summer frosts may admit. 



Hilliards, near the southwestern corner of this Territory, and on the 

 line of the Union Pacific Eailroad, is a point of some importance in the 

 production of wood for charcoal and railroad ties. It is brought in a 

 V-shaped flume about twenty-eight miles from the United Mountain 

 region, where the supplies, although difficult of access, are said to bo 

 somewhat abundant. This flume will carry logs 30 inches in diameter 

 and 20 feet long, and will deliver 150 to 200 cords in twelve hours. 



Albany County. — The Laramie Plains are some 7,000 feet above sea-level, about 100 

 miles long and 30 broad, with the Black Hills of Wyoming to the east and the Medi- 

 cine Bow range to the west. Rain-fall, 17.97 inches in 1872; 13.14 in 1873; 10.86 in 

 1874; 11.97 in 1875 ; and 10.97 in 1876. The soil is good, but liable to frost in every 

 month, unless, i^erhaps, July. The native trees in the mountain gorges are pine, and 

 on the water-courses cottonwoods and aspens. A few trees at Fort Saunders, planted 

 along a ditch (aspens and cottonwoods), are apparently healthy, but they would prob- 

 ably die if the water was cut oif. About half a million of pine ties are used annually 

 in replacing ties along the Union Pacific Railroad. — {A, G. Brackett, Fort Saunders, 

 Wyo.) 



MONTANA TERRITORY. 



In an article^ upon the sylva of Montana, Dr. J. G. Cooper enumerates 

 the following species as growing within the Territory : 



BhMs glabra (Smooth Sumac). No species found above Fort Union, and one found on the 

 Columbia plain north of Fort Colville may be distinct. 



Negundo aceroides (Box-Elder). Reaches Fort Benton but does not pass the mountains. 



Acer glabncm (Smooth Maple). From cast base of Rocky Mountains to the Cascade Range, 

 becoming 40 feet high and a foot in diameter. 



Ccraaus Virginianaf (Choke Cherry). Across the mountains to the Bitter Root Range, 

 growing 20 feet high and 6 inches in diameter. 



Cerasua moHis? A shrub at Cceur d'Alenu Mission and westward taken to be this. It 

 had a stunted growth. 



Pyrus fraxinifolia vel Americanal (Western Mountain Ash). First appear on east slope 

 of Cceur d'Alene Range, srarcely a tree. 



Crato'gus rivularis (River Hawthorn). From east base of Rocky Mountains to Cascade 

 Range, growing 15 to 20 feet high. Finest along the Spokan River. 



Crata'gun sangninea? (Red Hawthorn). Sparingly from Walla Walla to Fort Colville. 



Frangula Furskiana (Oregon Bearwood). Both slopes of Cceur d'Alene Mountains, but 

 not farther east. A laushy Bhamesus is found with it. 



AmeJanchier aJnifolia (Oregon Service-Berry). From east base of Rocky Mountains to 

 Pacific coast. 



Cornus pubesceng (Green Dogwood). Seen near crossing of Bitter Root River, and at in- 

 tervals to the coast. 



CeUis reiiculata {Western Sugar-Berry). Strictly limited toward northwest by Snake 

 and Columbia Rivers, as observed in 1853. 



Qii€7-cus Gan-yana (Oregon Oak). Not east of east base of Cascade Range, or north of 

 Yakima River. No oak occurs from the Columbia River to Fort Union, on the 



Missouri, where the Q. macrocarpa (Burr Oak) occurs. No ash grows to a similar inter- 

 val, though one extends to Milk River on the Missouri. 



Fraxinus Oregova (Oregon Ash). First nppears at the Dalles. 



Betula occidentalis (Western Pogue-Birch). A shrubby tree from Sun River through the 

 Rocky Mountains to Cceur d'Alene Range, where it becomes of large size, 60 feet 

 high and 2 in diameter. 



Alnus viridis? (Green Alder). Perhaps a new B]}ec\es, or A. rubra. Range similar to west- 

 ern birch, and of greater size to the west. 



' Report, p. 58. 



^American Naturalist, October, 1869. The article cited contains many notes upon 

 botanical characters, &c., which are here necessarily omitted. 



