(Americanize Jonrnal 



heartily, as even old combs will yield 

 a beautiful yellow wax if properly 

 handled. While it was thought that 

 foundation makers all use sulphuric 

 acid, yet Mr. Newton, who manufac- 

 tures a high grade article, surprised the 

 convention by stating that he had never 

 used a drop of the acid. 



Mr. Chrysler called attention to the 

 fact that we sliould be careful in trying 

 new things recommended in the line of 

 cleaning wax, as an experiment rec- 

 ommended by a scientific man in one 

 of our recent conventions had cost 

 him a lot of money. He had reference 

 to the idea of refining beeswax with 

 nitric acid, for while the acid made the 

 wax look beautiful, yet it was impossi- 

 ble to make into foundation after the 

 treatment. 



Different speakers called attention to 

 the fact that they were supplying firms 

 with wax for use in the arts, and that 

 the special proviso was that it must be 

 guaranteed that no sulphuric acid had 

 been used in rendering it. 



The gist of the discussion was that 

 while it might be necessary in real 

 dirty wax to use the acid, it is a big 

 mistake, and entirely unnecessary, to 

 use it in the ordinary production of 

 the article. 



Honored Mr. McEvoy. 



A pleasing feature of the convention 

 was the presenting of an address and 

 purse of money to Mr. McEvoy, who 

 so long was in the inspection work, 

 and retired only last spring. Mr. Mc- 

 Evoy replied feelingly and fittinglj', and 

 stated that while the work had been 

 done for the interests of the bee-keep- 

 ers, from a financial standpoint he 

 would have been better off if he had 

 not engaged in the work. 



Ontario Wants the National. 



A resolution was passed unanimously, 

 and with much enthusiasm, inviting the 

 National Association to hold their next 

 meeting in Toronto. Somehow we 

 have a sort of presentiment over here 

 that the meeting will come our way 

 this time, and if such should not be the 

 case, there will be a lot of disappointed 

 bee-keepers on the north side of the 

 boundary. 



Thank Retiring Treas. Emigh. 



Mr. Emigh, who has acted as treas- 

 urer for a long time, found it necessary 

 to resign, and the Association, while 

 loth to accept his resignation, felt that 

 with the advancing age and business 

 cares of Mr. Emigh, they could not 

 well refuse his request. Many feeling 

 expressions were offered as to Mr. 

 Emigh's thorough work and devotion 

 to the cause during all these years, and 

 a unanimous vote of thanks was passed 

 ■expressing the good wishes of the 

 members, with the hope that he would 

 be with us in the future as in the past, 

 even though holding no office in the 

 Association. 



The officers for the ensuing year are 

 as follows: District No. 1, Alex. Dick- 

 son- No. 2, A. McLaughlin; No. 3, H. 

 E Eyre; No. 4, C. P. Chisholm; No. 5, 

 J. T. Storer; No. 6, W. Couse ; No. 7, 

 J. F. Switzer; No. 8, U. H. Bo wen ; No. 

 9, W. J. Craig; No. 10, D. Chalmers; 

 No. 11, W. A. Chrysler; No. 12, Henry 

 Johnson. 



Ontario Agricultural College — Mor- 

 ley Pettit. 



President, Wm. Couse, of Streetsville ; 

 1st Vice-President, W. J. Craig, of 



Brantford; and 2d Vice-President, W. 

 A. Chrysler; Secretary-Treasurer, P. 

 W. Hodgetts, Parliament Buildings, 

 Toronto, Ont. 



oulniern 



Conducted bv LUUIS H. SCHUi^L, New Braunfels. Tex. 



The Production of Bulk Comb Honey 



Since writing the first installments 

 on this subject, numerous letters with 

 the most favorable comments and ap- 

 provals have been received, showing 

 that a great interest is being taken in 

 the matter; and that in a favorable 

 way, quite contrary to our expectations, 

 as we feared we would meet with most 

 serious opposition from the majority. 

 It is a surprise to learn, howerer, that 

 so many see advantages in the produc- 

 tion of bulk comb honey, as we pro- 

 duce it in Texas, and admit that its 

 production is applicable to other parts 

 of the country — yea, the world — and not 

 alone in the Lone Star State. 



Right along this line we have the 

 following on this subject from Mr. J. J. 

 Wilder, of Georgia : 



There have been too many section-comb- 

 honey hives placed over the South for the 

 trood of the bee and honey industry here. 

 The one-pound section presents an attrac- 

 tive appearance, and for this reason the be- 

 ginner in takintr his choice of hives lias I)een 

 led astray by selecting those with sections, 

 and this accounts for at least nine failures 

 out of every ten. It takes experience and a 

 good honey-tlovv to produce section lioney 

 profitably. Tliis cannot be expected of a 

 beginner, and all localities have not the 

 riglit kind of tiows for section honey. 



On account of the extra expense of an ex- 

 tracting outfit, and the tedious work of wir- 

 ing frames, etc.. many beginners do not en- 

 gage in producing extracted honey. 



By far the simplest is the production of 

 " chunk " honey in shallow frames. It is the 

 simplest, most satisfactory, surest, and most 

 economical way to produce comb honey. 



The bee-keepers' supply manufacturers 

 have never listed a style of super for this 

 purpose, nor have they given any informa- 

 tion concerning chunk-honey production. 

 Not much has been written for the bee- 

 papers on this subject, but it is hoped that 

 it will receive more attention, as it is the 

 only hope for successful comb-honey pro- 

 duction in many sections, of not only the 

 South, owing to the ability of the bee-keeper 

 or the nature of the honey-flows. 



Chunk honey can be produced on either R 

 or 10 frame hives in regular 5?8-incli shallow 

 extracting supers, with frames filled with 

 thin super foiuidation. One or two inch 

 starters would do. but full sheets are better. 

 Two or three supers should be in readiness 

 for each colony. The first is given as soon 

 as the flow begins, and then others are 

 added as needed, by the tiering-up plan as in 

 section lioney production. The lioney can 

 be removed as fast as sealed, and put on the 

 market. At least ?4 of an inch of the comb 

 should be left in each frame for a starter to 

 be returned to the bees when the honey is 

 cut out. (I would not do this, as. first, the 

 comb honey is worth dollars and cents to us, 

 and should </// be cut ont; and second, it is 

 much more economical to return entirely 

 clean frames with new. full sheets of foun- 

 dation, which will be dealt with in a future 

 article.-L. H. S.l 



No queen-excluders are necessary. If at 

 the height of the egg-laying season the Queen 



should enter the first super, the brood will 

 soon be crowded out and the combs are used 

 for extracted honey, which we need to 

 cover the comb honey after it has been put 

 up. Such combs can he used as baits by 

 using several to each super first given. If 

 the number of such combs is very large, a 

 super filled with them can be given to each 

 queen for extra laying-room. If such are 

 filled with honey, it can be extracted or left 

 for winter stores. The following spring 

 combs fi'om these can again be used for Daits 

 as previously, and so on throughout the sea- 

 son. 



IE the bee-keeper produces honey only for 

 his own table, he would better leave the 

 honey on the hives in the care of the bees, 

 removing only enough at a time for 4 or 5 

 meals, and it will be always fresh. But ?i of 

 an inch of comb should be left in each frame 

 for a starter for the bees. 



Chunk honey can be put up in almost any 

 kind of a large-mouthed vessel for market. 

 It is nicer put up in smaller vessels, as the 

 comb is then not broken up as badly when it 

 is removed for use. Two and ^ pound fric- 

 tion-top cans, and 5 and lo pound round pails 

 are good vessels, especially if the honey is 

 not very light. If of light color, pint, quart, 

 and half-gallon fruit-jars can be used, and 

 nicely labeled. Such would make an attrac- 

 tive appearance and sell at a fancy price on 

 any market. J. J. Wilder. 



Well do we remember when Mr. 

 Wilder wrote his first letter of enquiry 

 regarding our way of producing bulk 

 comb honey. He was producing sec- 

 tion honey then. His methods now 

 are very much the same as my own in 

 producing bulk comb honey, except in 

 some points. These will be brought 

 out fully in future articles, in which 

 each point will be enlarged upon, with 

 an effort to cover the whole subject, 

 step by step, so that all who wish to 

 try our methods may do so just as we 

 follow them ourselves. 



Beginning with the January Ameri- 

 can Bee Journal, a description of the 

 kind of supers, frames, comb founda- 

 tion, etc., will be given so that others 

 may know what kind to procure for 

 another season's use. As far as it is 

 possible we will use photographs to 

 illustrate our paraphernalia and modus 

 opefandi, thus making everything as 

 plain as possible. 



Some Apiarian Awards at Texas Fairs 



The apiarian exhibits at our large 

 fairs, in spite of the unfavorable sea- 

 son and short honey crop, have been 

 larger and better than in any previous 

 year. More interest is being taken in 

 these exhibitions, which aid the pro- 

 ducer to educate the public and to 

 advertise his business. As the chief 

 promoter of this kind of work for 

 many years, I am glad to see the good 



