BARBERRY FAMILY. Berberidacese. 



about a dozen pistils, and no petals. Visited by the 

 smaller bees and the beelike flies. The fruit a small head 

 of tiny red berries clustered like the lobes of a raspberry. 

 1 foot high. In woods, southern N. Y., south to Ga., 

 and west to Minn, and Mo. 



BARBERRY FAMILY. Berberidacece. 



A family of shrubs and herbs with perfect flowers 

 having one pistil, and as many stamens as petals (except 

 Podophyllum) arranged opposite each other. The flow- 

 ers of the barberry are especially adapted to cross-fertili- 

 zation ; but other members of the family are self -fertilized, 

 or cross-fertilized by the agency of insects, chiefly bees. 

 Blue Cohosh ^ n ear lj flowering plant common in the 

 or Papoose west, with generally but one compound 

 R ot leaf (at the top of the long stem) three 



Caulophyllum timeg parted the leaflets having 2-3 lobes ; 

 thahctroides 



Greenish, or a smaller similar leaf accompanies the 

 yellowish flower-stalk. The whole plant is covered 

 April-May with a white bloom when young. The 

 simple stem is terminated by a small cluster of yellow- 

 green, or yellowish flowers J inch broad, with 6 petallike 

 sepals, and 6 insignificant hood-shaped petals grouped 

 closely about the central pistil. The stigma is receptive 

 before the anthers are ripe, thus assuring cross-fertiliza- 

 tion. Frequently visited by the early bumblebees, and 

 bees of the family Andrenidce. The seeds berrylike and 

 blue, in a loose cluster. 1-3 feet high. Rich woodlands 

 from Me., south to S. Car., west to S. Dak. and Neb. 



A little plant when in flower, scarcely 8 

 Jeffersonia inches tall, but attaining double that 

 diphylla height later in the season when in fruit. 



White The single white flower, about an inch 



April-May broad, with 8 oblong flat petals, and half 

 as many early-falling sepals, is a trifle like the bloodroot 

 blossom, but lacks the latter's delicacy and purity of 

 color. The long-stemmed leaf is parted almost com- 

 pletely into two angularly ovate lobes, whitish beneath. 

 Finally (when fruiting) 15-18 inches high. Woods, west- 

 ern N. Y., south to Tenn., and west to Wis. 

 152 



