PARSLEY FAMILY. Umbelliferae. 



Sometimes called Golden Alexanders. 

 Parsnip ^ western species not very distant from 



Thaspium Zizia aurea. It has medium green lance- 



aureum shaped or ovate, toothed leaflets, three of 



Golden yellow which generally compose a leaf ; the root- 

 une- August ] eaves are s i n gi e) mostly distinctly heart- 

 shaped, the others simply rounded at the base. The 

 golden yellow flowers are gathered in sparse flat-topped 

 clusters. The seed is equally angled with deep flanges 

 or ribs and is distinctly different in this respect from th'e 

 flat seeds of Pastinaca sativa ; they mature in early au- 

 tumn. 15-36 inches high. Found on the borders of 

 thickets, and woodland roads, from Ohio, westto Mo., 

 southwest to Tenn., and west to 111. The var. atropur- 

 pureum bears deep dull purple flowers, and is confined 

 to the same range. T. barbinode is a similar species 

 with stem- and leaf-joints and flowering stems more or 

 less fine-hairy. Leaves with 3-6 leaflets. Flowers light 

 gold yellow. Seed with seven prominent wings. Beside 

 streams, commonest in the Mississippi Valley; N. Y., 

 west to Minn., and south. 



A stout and branching species often 

 >nlp growing in shallow water. The compound 

 cicutcefoiium leaves deep green, with 7-15 linear or lance- 

 Dull white shaped leaflets sharply toothed ; the finely 

 July- cut lower leaves generally submerged. 



September The dull white flowers are in a flat dome- 



shaped cluster. The seeds are prominently ribbed, and 

 the leaves are variable in form. 2-6 feet high. Through- 

 out the country. 



A similar but smaller aquatic species 6- 

 Berula 34 inches high, with 7-19 leaflets, more or 



less lobed, and a dome-shaped cluster of 

 white flowers. From N. Y. to 111. and Neb. Also in 

 the Rockies and the far west. 



A very common smooth perennial, found 

 Parsni *" " on sna( ^ e ^ roadsides or meadow borders. 

 Zizia aurea The medium light green leaves are doubly 

 Light gold compound ; generally three divisions (or 

 yellow leaflets, properly speaking) of 3-7 leaflets, 



all narrow, pointed, and sharply toothed^ 



310 



