HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. Caprifoliaceae. 



HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. Caprifoliacece. 



Shrubs, vines, or sometimes herbs with opposite leaves, 

 and perfect regular (occasionally irregular) flowers, with 

 generally a funnel-shaped corolla, five-lobed, or some- 

 times two-lipped. Cross-fertilized by the larger long- 

 tongued bees, moths, butterflies, and the humming-bird. 



A common smooth-stemmed shrub with 

 Elder .. ., 



Sambucus a compound deep green, smooth leaf 



Canadensis of 5-11, usually 7, fine-toothed, acute- 

 Cream white pointed, ovate leaflets. The tiny cream- 

 June-July white flowers, in broad flat clusters (with 

 five prominent white stamens), are fertilized mostly by 

 honeybees who come for pollen, the blossoms yielding 

 little or no nectar. The purple-black berries, in broad 

 clusters, ripen in August. 4-10 feet high. Borders of 

 fields and copses, in low ground, throughout our range. 



A similar shrub with twigs and leaves 

 Red=berried ,. . 



Elder slightly fine-hairy, and warty gray bark. 



Sambucus There are 5-7 finely toothed ovate lance- 

 racemosa shaped leaflets which are a trifle downy 



Dull white beneath. The fine dull white flowers with 

 April-May n i 



yellowish stamens are borne in a sugar- 

 loaf-shaped cluster. The extremely beautiful small, 

 scarlet-red, or rarely white berries, in a compact cluster r 

 ripen in June. 2-12 feet high. In rocky woodland bor- 

 ders. Me. , south to Ga. (among the hills), and westward. 



A shrub with coarse, light green, veiny, 

 Hobble=bush or . 

 Wayfaring Tree sharp-toothed, heart-shaped leaves, rusty- 



Viburnum woolly on the ribs beneath, together 



alnifolium with the young branchlets. The flat 



White flower-cluster is composed of two kinds 



of flowers ; the marginal dull white broad- 

 petaled neutral that is, stamenless and pistilless flowers 

 (the petals are really the five flaring, rounded divisions 

 of the corolla), and the central, smaller, perfect flowers. 

 Fruit a coral red berry, set in a scant cluster. Stem 3-10 

 feet high, reclining ; the branches often take root and 

 trip up the " wayfarer." The commonest visitors are the 

 bees of the genera Andrena and Halictus. In low or moist 

 woods. Me., in the mountains to N. Car., west to Mich. 

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