SUMMARY OF SPRING FLOWERS. 



[L GKOUPS AND ORDEKS.] 

 EXOGENOUS PLANTS or DICOTYLEDONS. 



Leaves with netted veins. Flowers usually quinary the 

 parts in fives, or quaternary the parts in fours. Embryos 

 with two (rarely more) cotyledons ; hence dicotyledonous. This 

 group includes the Thalamiflores, Calyciflores, Monopetals, and 

 Monochlamyds. 



Thalamiflores : Polypetalous dichlamydeous plants, with 

 petals distinct (i. e. separable) from the calyx, and stamens 

 hypogynous ; it includes the Orders numbered 1 to 9. 



* Carpels more, or less distinct (i.e. apocarpous), sometimes 

 solitary with one lateral placenta. 



1. Ranunculaceous plants herbs; stamens indefinite, usually 



numerous ; anthers opening by two longitudinal clefts. [For 

 the genera in the several groups, see page 28 and sequel.] 



2. Berberidaceous plants shrubs ; stamens equal in number 



to the petals ; anthers opening by recurved valves ; carpel 

 solitary. 



** Carpels combined into an undivided (i.e. syncarpous) ovary 

 which has two or more placentas. 



t Seeds attached to the sides of the carpels (i. e. placentas 

 parietal) . 



J Stamens 6, tetradynamous (4 long and 2 short), distinct. 



3. Cruciferous plants herbs ; corolla regular ; petals four. 



