34 SPRING FLOWERS. 



20. Caprifoliaceous Plants. CAPRI FOLIAGES. 



(55) Adoxa calyx two- or three-toothed ; corolla with short tube 



and four or five spreading divisions ; fruit a berry. 



21. Galiaceous Plants. GALIACE^E. 



(56) Asperula corolla-tube as long or longer than the lobes ; 



calyx blended with the ovary without a visible border. 



22. Valerianaceous Plants. VALERIANACE^:. 



(57) Valerianella fruit crowned by a small cup-shaped or 



toothed border. 



23. Composite Plants. COMPOSITE. 



* Disk florets tubular and perfect (i.e. both staminate and 

 pistillate), those of the ray ligulate or filiform and either 

 pistillate or neuter. 



t Pappus none ; (heads rayed.) 



(58) Bellis ray-florets ligulate, conspicuous; involucral scales 



nearly equal in length ; achenes compressed. 



ft Pappus pilose ; (heads discoid.) 



(59) Senecio involucre cylindrical or conical, of one row of equal 



scales, with several small ones at the base ; achenes terete, 



ftt Pappus (of disk-florets) pilose ; (heads rayed.) 

 Florets of the ray with pilose pappus. 



(60) Tussilago ray-florets in many rows; involucres nearly 



simple ; achenes terete. 



Florets of the ray without a pappus. 



(61) Doronicum scales of the involucre of two or three rows, 



nearly equal ; achenes terete. 



