230 SUMMER FLOWERS. 



the short branches; petals small, narrow, whitish; fruit red, 

 separating from the receptacle when ripe. Raspberry. 

 Thickets and woods. Fl. June. 



B. fruticosus : stems biennial, or of few years' duration, 

 erect, or more frequently arched straggling or prostrate, 

 armed with prickles stiff hairs or glandular bristles; leaves 

 digitate, the leaflets 3-5, rather large, coarse, ovate, toothed, 

 the midribs and stalks armed with hooked prickles; flowers 

 white or pink, in panicles at the ends of the branches; 

 fruit black, or dull- red. Bramble, or Blackberry. Hedges, 

 thickets, woods, and waste places. Fl. June and July. 



A large number of Brambles, often considered as species, 

 occur in Britain, but for these we must refer to more technical 

 books, just mentioning a few of the most distinct : 



B. fruticosus (type) has the leaflets covered underneath with 

 a close, white down ; flowers usually numerous. Hedges and 

 thickets. 



B. corylifolius has the leaflets green underneath, usually 

 large and broad; flowers not so numerous as in the last. 

 Hedges and thickets, flowering earlier. 



B. carpinifolius has the leaflets green underneath, but not 

 so broad, and more pointed than in the last, the stems more 

 hairy ; flowers not numerous. Woods. 



B. glandulosus has the leaflets as in the last, or sometimes 

 broader, the stems with numerous stiff, glandular hairs mixed 

 with the prickles, Shady woods. 



B. suberectus has the leaflets green, or slightly hoary un- 

 derneath ; stems shorter and more erect than in the common 

 forms ; flowers usually few, and the fruit not so black. Wet 

 woods and thickets. 



B. csesius: stems slender, more or less glaucous when 

 young, spreading, or creeping along the ground, seldom arched; 



