272 SUMMER FLOWERS. 



Mr. Bentham includes as a variety, H. vulgalum (sylvati- 

 cum), which has a much more leafy stem. 



H. umbellatum : stems leafy, erect, rigid, 1-3 feet high, 

 hairy at the base ; leaves narrow-lanceolate or oblong, the 

 lower ones stalked, all tapering at the base ; flower-heads nu- 

 merous, on rather short lateral branches towards the summit 

 of the stem, several of which start from so nearly the same 

 point as to form an irregular umbel ; involucres and pedun- 

 cles glabrous or shortly downy ; scales of the involucre regu- 

 larly imbricated, the outer ones usually spreading at the tips. 

 Woods, stony places, and banks. Fl. July to September. 



H. sabaudum : stems 1-3 feet high, stout, equally tall with 

 H. umbellatum, but without radical leaves at the time of 

 flowering, less rigid and more hairy ; leaves larger, broader, 

 and more toothed, the upper ones shorter, rounded at the base, 

 sometimes almost stem-clasping ; flowering branches forming 

 a loose corymb, never an umbel. Woods, hedges, and shady 

 places. Fl. August and September. 



(169) Picris. 



P. hieracioides : biennial ; stem 1-3 feet high, covered 

 with short, rough, minutely-hooked hairs; leaves lanceolate, 

 the lower tapering into a stalk, the upper stem-clasping ; pe- 

 duncles rather long and stiff; pappus dirty white, the hairs 

 usually very feathery, except a few of the outer ones of each 

 achene. Roadsides, borders of fields, and waste places. Fl. 

 July to September. 



(170) Cichorium, CHICORY. 



C. Intybus : stems hispid, 1-3 feet high ; leaves spreading 

 on the ground, hairy, runcinately pinnatifid, with a large ter- 



