MUSTARD FAMILY. 67 



23. SENEBIERA, WART CRESS, SWINE CRESS. (For J. Senebier, 

 a distinguished physiologist.) Prostrate and (f), with minute whit- 

 ish flowers. Weeds from Eu. 



S. did/ma, Pers. Pods rough-wrinkled, notched at apex. Waste places. 

 Mass, and S. near seacoast. 



S. Coronbpus, DC. Pods warty, not notched at the apex. R. I. to 

 Va. at seaports. 



24. IBERIS, CANDYTUFT. (Iberia, an old name for Spain.) The 

 2 petals on the outer side of the flower much larger than the others. 

 Pods scale-shaped, roundish or ovate, notched at the wing-margined 

 top. Low garden plants, from Europe, much cultivated for orna- 



* Perennial, woody at the base. 



I. sempem'rens, Linn. EVERGREEN C. Rather woody-stemmed, tufted, 

 with bright green, lanceolate or linear-spatulate, thickish, entire leaves, 

 and flat clusters of pure white flowers, in spring. 



/. Gibraltdrica, Linn., with large, rose-purple flowers in early spring, and 

 wedge-shaped leaves, is occasionally seen ; not hardy N. 



* * Annual. 



/. umbel fata, Linn. COMMON C. Lower leaves lanceolate, the upper 

 linear and entire ; flowers purple-lilac (or pale), in flat clusters in sum- 

 mer. Eu. 



/. coronaria, Don. ROCKET C. Leaves lanceolate, coriaceous, sparingly 

 toothed. Flowers pure white in dense, spike-like racemes in summer. 

 Nativity uncertain. 



25. ISATIS, WOAD. (Name of obscure derivation.) (D One com- 

 mon species of Eu. 



/. tinctoria, Linn. DYER'S WOAD. Rather tall, glabrous and glaucous, 

 the stem-leaves lanceolate and entire, sessile and somewhat sagittate ; 

 racemes of small yellow flowers panicled, succeeded by the hanging 

 samara-like closed pods ; flowers in early summer. Old gardens ; formerly 

 suit, for a blue dye. 



26. CAKILE, SEA ROCKET. (An old Arabic name.) 



C. Americana, Nutt. AMERICAN S. A fleshy herb, wild on the shore 

 of the sea and Great Lakes, with obovate wavy-toothed leaves, and pur- 

 plish flowers. 



27. RAFHANUS, RADISH. (Greek: to appear quickly, referring 

 to the very rapid germination of the seeds.) From the Old 

 World. 



R. Raphanistrum, Linn. WILD R. or JOINTED CHARLOCK. Leaves 

 rough lyrate ; petals yellow, changing to whitish or purplish, and pods 

 narrow, long-beaked, divided across between the several seeds, so as to 

 become necklace-form. Troublesome weed in cult, fields. 



R. satfvus, Linn. RADISH. Lower leaves lyrate ; flowers purple and 

 whitish, and closed pods thick and pointed ; the seeds separated by ir- 

 regular fleshy false partitions ; cult, for the tender and fleshy pungent 

 root ; inclined to run wild. 



R. caudatus, Linn. RAT-TAIL RADISH. Probably a form of the last, 

 with small woody root and pods (used for pickles) 6'-12' long. 



