104 BUCKTHORN FAMILY. 



2. EUONYMUS, SPINDLE TREE, BURNING BUSH, STRAW- 

 BERRY TREE. (Greek : of good repute.} 



* Leaves**deciduous, ovate. 



*- Branches not winged. 



+ Native species / anthers nearly or quite sessile. 



E. atropurpfcreus, Jacq. BURNING BUSH or SPINDLE TREE. Tall shrub, 

 wild from New York W. and S., and commonly planted; with short, 

 small buds and oval or oblong, petioled, sharply serrate leaves ; flowers 

 with rounded, dark, dull-purple petals (generally 4), and smooth, deeply 

 4-lobed, red fruit, hanging on slender peduncles. 



E. Americanus, Linn. AMERICAN STRAWBERRY BUSH. Low shrub, 

 wild from New York W. and S., and sometimes cult. ; with thickish 

 ovate or lance-ovate, almost sessile leaves, usually 5 greenish-purple 

 rounded petals, and rough-warty, somewhat 3-lobed fruit, crimson when 

 ripe. Var. obovatus, with thinner and dull obovate or oblong leaves, 

 has long and spreading or trailing and rooting branches. 



++ +* Exotic; anthers raised on evident filaments. 



E. EuropcBUS, Linn. EUROPEAN SPINDLE TREE. Occasionally planted, 

 but inferior to the foregoing ; a rather low shrub, with lance-ovate or 

 oblong, short-petioled leaves, about 3-flowered peduncles, 4 greenish 

 oblong petals, and a smooth, 4-lobed red fruit, the aril orange-color. Eu. 



. latifdlius, Bauh. Has long, pointed, large buds, many-flowered 

 peduncles, whitish flowers and red-ariled fruit. Eu. 



*- *- Branches strongly winged. 



E. Thunbergianus, Blume. (In cult. asE. ALA.TUS.) Smooth branches 

 with 4 corky wings (these rarely wanting) ; leaves elliptic, acuminate ; 

 peduncles 1 -3-flowered, capillary ; capsule 4-parted, smooth. Japan. 



* * Leaves deciduous or nearly so ; linear. 



E. nanus, Bieb. 2-3 high; leaves coriaceous, linear (l'-2' long), 

 on the young shoots alternate or apparently whorled, margin revolute ; 

 pod pink ; aril orange, covering only half the seed. Caucasus. Hardy N. 



* * * Leaves evergreen, ovate or oblong. 



E. Japdnicus, Thunb. JAPAN S. Planted S. under the name of CHI 

 NESE Box, there hardy, but tender N.; leaves obovate, shining and bright 

 green, also forms with white or yellowish variegation ; peduncles several- 

 flowered ; petals 4, obovate, whitish ; pods smooth, globular. 



Var. radlcans, climbing by rootlets, leaves varying from oval and very 

 short-petiolate to ovate or elliptic and distinctly petiolate. Hardy N. to 

 Mass. 



XXXI. RHAMNACE^E, BUCKTHORN FAMILY. 



Shrubs or trees, of bitterish and astringent properties, with 

 simple, chiefly alternate leaves, and small flowers ; well marked 

 by the stamens of the number of the valvate sepals (4 or 5) and 

 alternate with them, i.e. opposite the petals, inserted on a disk 

 which lines the calyx-tube and often unites it with the base of the 

 ovary, this having a single, erect ovule in each of the (2-5) cells. 

 Branches often thorny ; stipules minute or none ; flowers often 

 apetalous or polygamous. Petal commonly hooded or invo- 

 Jute around the stamen before it. (Lessons, Figs. 364, 365.) 



