VINE FAMILY. 107 



with roundish open sinuses ; clusters slender ; fruit smaller and earlier 

 than in the foregoing, black with a bloom, pleasant. Common from Va., 

 S. Original of the HERBEMONT, NORTON'S VIRGINIA, and others. 



V. blcolor, Le Conte, represents the last in the N., has very glaucous 

 wood, thin leaves, glaucous-blue and only thinly pubescent below, and 

 late, austere, very small fruits. 



V. cinfcrea, Engelm. DOWNY GRAPE. Branches angular, pubescence 

 grayish or whitish and persistent ; leaves entire or slightly 3-lobed on 

 very long stalks ; berries small, black, without bloom in long-stalked 

 clusters. 111. W. and S. 



-t- 1- Leaves glabrous and mostly shining, or short-hairy beneath, cut-lobed 

 or undivided. 



*-. Flowers more or less polygamous (some plants inclined to produce only 

 staminate flowers), exhaling a fragrance like that of Mignonette; 

 native species. 



V. cordifdlia, Michx. FROST or CHICKEN G. Leaves thin, heart-shaped, 

 with a deep acute sinus, little lobed, but coarsely and sharply toothed ; 

 stipules small ; clusters loose ; fruit small, bluish, or black with a bloom, 

 very sour, ripe after frosts. Common on banks of streams. 



V. riparia, Michx. (or V. VULPINA). RIVER G. Leaves usually 3- 

 lobed, sinus broad, rounded, or truncate ; stipules large (2 // -3' / ) ; fruit 

 4"-5" diameter, acid, often juicy, ripening July to Sept. Stream banks 

 N. and W. Original, in part, of CLINTON and others. 



V. rup^stris, Scheele. SAND G., SUGAR G. Low and bushy, often 

 without tendrils ; leaves broadly cordate or kidney-shaped, not acumi- 

 nate, usually not lobed, but coarsely toothed ; berries small in small 

 bunches, sweet ; ripe Aug. Wis. to Tenn. and Tex. 



w- ++ Flowers all perfect, somewhat fragrant ; exotic. 



V. vinifera, Linn. EUROPEAN GRAPE. Leaves circular and usually 

 green and shining, thin, the teeth deep and sharp or rounded, when 

 young 5-7 -lobed. Cult, from immemorial time ; from the East, furnish- 

 ing the principal grapes of our greenhouses. 



2. Bark of stem close and smooth, pale ; pith continuous through the 

 nodes ; tendrils simple, intermittent. 



V. rotundifdlia, Michx. MUSCADINE, BULLACE, or SOUTHERN Fox 

 GRAPE. Leaves rather small, round, seldom slightly lobed, glossy, and 

 mostly smooth both sides, margin coarsely toothed ; clusters small ; fruit 

 2'-!' diameter, purple, thick-skinned, ripe in early autumn ; original of 

 the SCUPPERNONG GRAPE. River banks from Md. and Ky. and Kans., S. 



2. CISSUS. (Greek : Ivy.) Species often referred to Vitis. 

 * Wild species S. and W., smooth, usually with 5 stamens and petals. 



C. Ampeldpsis, Pers. A species with simple leaves like those of a true 

 Grape, heart-shaped or ovate, pointed, coarsely toothed, but not- lobed ; 

 flower-clusters, small and loose ; style slender. 



C. stans, Pers. A bushy or low-climbing plant, with few tendrils, and 

 decompound leaves, the small leaflets cut-toothed. 



* * Exotic species, usually with 4 stamens and petals. 



C. disco/or, Blume. Leaves lance-oblong, with a heart-shaped base, 

 crimson underneath, velvety lustrous and dark-green, shaded with purple 

 or violet, or often mottled with white ; on the upper surface the shoots 

 reddish. Java ; cult, in hothouses for its splendid foliage. 



