ROSE FAMILY. 143 



3. Calyx with an urn-shaped or globose fleshy tube or "hip," contracted at the 

 mouth, inclosing the many pistils and akenes. Flowers large and showy. 



17. ROSA. Shrubby, mostly prickly, with pinnate leaves of 3-9 or rarely more serrate 



leaflets, stipules united with the base of the petiole, and flowers single or in corymbs 

 terminating leafy branches. Calyx with 5 sometimes leafy lobes which are often 

 unequal and some of them toothed or pinnately lobed. Petals 5, or more in cultiva- 

 tion, broad, inserted along with the many stamens at the mouth of the calyx tube. 

 Pistils numerous, with terminal styles, and one-ovuled ovaries, becoming hard or 

 bony akenes, inclosed in the tube or cup of the calyx, which in fruit becomes pulpy 

 and imitates a berry or pome. (Lessons, p. 113, Fig. 361.) 



III. PEAR SUBFAMILY. Consists of shrubs or trees, 

 with stipules free from the petiole (often minute or early 

 deciduous) ; the thick-walled calyx-tube becoming fleshy or 

 pulpy and consolidated with the 2-5 ovaries to form a com- 

 pound pistil and the kind of fruit called a pome. (Lessons, 

 p. 119, Tig. 374.) Lobes of the calyx and petals 5. Stamens 

 numerous, or rarely only 10-15. 



* Fruit drupe-like ; the seeds solitary in a hard stone or stones. 



18. CEAT^EGUS. Trees or shrubs, mostly with thorny branches and flowers in corymbs 



or cymes, or sometimes solitary, terminating the branchlets; the leaves lobed or 

 serrate. Styles 2-5 (or rarely 1) ; ovary of as many 2-ovuled cells. Fruit with a 

 stone of 2-5 (rarely single) 1-seeded cells or carpels, more or less cohering with each 

 other. 



19. COTONEASTEE. Shrubs (exotic), usually low, with the small coriaceous leaves entire 



and whitish-downy underneath, small clustered flowers, and the calyx white-woolly 

 outside. Styles 2-5. Fruit small, the pulpy calyx-tube containing 2-5 little seed- 

 like, hard stones. 



* * Fruit with thin and cartilaginous or papery ^-several-seeded carpels in the pome. 

 +- Leaves persistent. 



20. PHOTINIA. Trees or shrubs (exotic), not thorny, with ample evergreen leaves. 



Flowers corymbed. Styles 2-5, dilated at the apex. Fruit berry-like, the 2-5 

 partitions thin, or vanishing. 



+- +- Leaves deciduous. 



21. AMELANCHIEB. Trees or shrubs, not thorny, with simple leaves, racemed flowers, 



and narrow white petals. Styles 5, united below. Ovary of 5 two-ovuled cells, but 

 each cell soon divided more or less by a projection or growth from its back, making 

 the berry -like fruit 10-celled. 



22. PYEUS. Trees or shrubs, sometimes rather thorny, with various foliage, and flowers 



in cymes, corymbs, or rarely solitary. Styles 2-5. Ovary of 2-5 two-ovuled (or in 

 cultivated species, and In Cydonia, several-ovuled) cells, which are thin and papery 

 or cartilaginous in fruit in the fleshy or pulpy calyx tube. 



1. PRUNUS, PLUM, PEACH, CHERRY, etc. (The ancient Latin name 

 of the Plum.) Shrubs or trees, mostly with early and showy flowers. 



1. ALMONDS, etc. Flowers solitary or in twos or threes, usually very 

 early, sessile, or short- stalked,' leaves folded together lengthwise (con- 

 duplicate^ in the bud ; fruit pubescent (or rarely smooth) at maturity, 

 the stone compressed and thick-walled, more or less deeply wrinkled and 



P * Shrubs known as Flowering Almonds. 



P. Japdnica, Thunb. COMMON FLOWERING ALMOND. Cult, from China 

 and Japan > a low shrub, with handsome blush or rose-colored double or 



