236 COMPOSITE FAMILY. 



14. CALLISTEPHUS, CHINA ASTER. (Greek : beautiful crown.} 

 (D (P. 225.) 



C. hortensis, Cass. (or C. CHFNENSIS). The well-known GARDEN or 

 CHINA ASTER, of the gardens, a native of China and Japan, has numerous 

 varieties of various forms and colors, the finest full-double. 



15. SERICOCARPUS. (Greek: silky fruit.} 1J. (p. 225.) 



* Pappus rusty ; leaves serrate. 



3. conyzoldes, Nees. Pubescent ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, or the 

 lower spatulate, ciliate. Me., S. and W. 



* * Pappus white; leaves entire. 



S. solidaglneus, Nees. Smooth ; leaves linear and rigid, obtuse, the 

 margins rough. N. Eng., S. 



16. ASTER, ASTER, STAR WORT. (Aster, a star.) This vast 

 genus is too difficult for beginners, and those who are prepared for its 

 study will use the Manual for the northern species, and Chapman's 

 Southern Flora for the few that are peculiarly southern. Common and 

 characteristic plants of the autumn flora (p. 225). 



* Pappus double, i.e. in two rows. 



A. umbellatus, Mill. Smooth and stout, leafy to the top ; leaves 

 long-lanceolate, taper-pointed ; heads very many, in compound flat 

 corymbs; rays rather .few, white. Common and variable. 



A. inffrmus, Michx. Slender, only moderately leafy ; leaves obovate 

 or oblong- lanceolate, ciliate ; heads few on spreading peduncles, white. 

 Mass., S. 



A. Iinariif61ius, Linn. Leaves linear and rigid, rough-margined; 

 heads with violet (rarely white) rays, solitary on simple branches ; plant 

 10-2. Common. ** Pappus simple. 



*- Scales mostly closely imbricated, the tips not conspicuously herbaceous 



or spreading. 



w- Leaves lanceolate, or narrower. 



A. nemo rali s, Ait. Minutely pubescent, slender, l-2 ; leaves small 

 and rather rigid, lanceolate, nearly entire, the margins revolute ; invo- 

 lucre obconical, the scales linear-lanceolate or the outer awl-like ; rays 

 long, dark lilac. Bogs, N. 



A. acuminatus, Michx. Somewhat hairy, the stem simple (1) and 

 often zigzag ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, long-pointed, toothed, not revo- 

 lute ; scales few and loosish, linear-lanceolate ; heads not numerous, the 

 rays white or violet. N. Eng. and S. in the Mts. 



A. ptarmicoldes, Torr. & Gray. Smooth or nearly so, the stems 

 simple (8'-2) and clustered ; leaves linear-lanceolate and rigid, entire, 

 not revolute, rough-margined; heads small, white (rarely yellowish W.) 

 in a flat corymb ; scales thickish and obtuse. Rocks, N. 



n- t+ Leaves cordate, stalked and coarsely serrate. 



A. corymb&sus, Ait. Slender and often zigzag, 2 ; leaves thin and 

 nearly or quite smooth, taper-pointed, the teeth unequal and spreading, 

 on marginless petioles ; rays white, 6-9. Woods, Can. to Ga. 



A. macropnyilus, Linn. Larger and stouter, with thickish, rough, 

 closely-serrate and abrupt-pointed leaves ; heads larger, white or bluish, 

 the rays 10-15. Like range. 



