P1UMROSE FAMILY. 273 



LXVIL PRIMULACKffi, PKIMKOSE FAMILY. 



Herbs with regular perfect flowers, the stamens borne on 

 the corolla and as many as its divisions and opposite them, 

 one style and stigma, and many or sometimes few ovules on a 

 free central placenta of the one-celled ovary, in fruit a pod. 



* Plant with hollow, inflated, leafy stems ; the leaves whorled or scattered, the lower 

 ones pinnately parted ; parts of the flower 5. 



1. HOTTONIA. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla short salver-shaped, stamens Included. Pod 



opening by 5 clefts down the side, many-seeded. Flowers small, in whorls along the 

 upper part of the stem and branches. 



* * Plant with leaves all from the root and simple; the flowers on a scape. 

 +- Fibrous-rooted or rhizomatous. 



2. PRIMULA. Calyx 5-toothed or 5-cleft, often angled. Corolla salver-shaped or funnel- 



shaped, with 5 spreading lobes ; the stamens included in its tube. Pod opening by 

 valves or teeth at the top. Flowers in an umbel, which is sessile in one species, but 

 usually raised on a scape. 



8. DODECATHEON. Calyx 5-parted, reflexed. Corolla 5-parted; the divisions lanceo- 

 late, strongly reflexed. Stamens conniving in a long slender cone, the linear anthers 

 very much longer than the short partly monadelphous filaments. Pod splitting into 

 5 valves. Flowers in an umbel. 



-- -i- Plant with depressed or biscuit-shaped fleshy corm. 



4. CYCLAMEN. Flower resembling that of Dodecatheon, but only one on a scape or 



stalk. Anthers sessile, pointed. 



* * * Plant with leafy stems, the leaves simple and chiefly entire. 

 +- Leaves in one whorl at the summit of the slender stem ; parts of the flower 7. 



5. TRIENTALIS. Calyx and corolla wheel-shaped, of mostly 7 divisions united only at 



base, those of the former linear-lanceolate, of the latter oblong, of both pointed. Fila- 

 ments united in a ring at base ; anthers oblong, curving when old. Flowers white, 

 t- +- Leaves generally in pairs or whorls along the stems ; parts of the flower mostly 6. 

 w Flowers yellow (or in 7 with purple dots). 



6. STEIRONEMA. Calyx 5-parted. Staminodia 5, subulate, alternating with the fila- 



ments, which are distinct or nearly so on a ring at the base of the corolla. Capsule 

 10-20-seeded. Leaves opposite, but often seeming to be whorled, not dotted. 



7. LYSIMACHIA. Calyx 5-6-parted. Staminodia 0. Filaments usually united at the 



base. Capsule few-several-seeded. Leaves opposite or whorled (or even imper- 

 fectly alternate), dotted. 



-M- ++ Corolla red, blue, or white. 



8. ANAGALLIS. Corolla wheel-shaped, the 5 divisions broad. Filaments bearded. Pod 



(a pyxis) open by a transverse division, the top falling off as a lid, many-seeded. 

 *--+- Leaves alternate along the branching stems; base of calyx and ovary coherent. 



9. SAMOLUS. Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla bell-shaped, 5-cleft, with a little body like a sterile 



filament in the ctefts. Stamens Included. Pod many-seeded, splitting into 5 valves. 

 Flowers small, white, in racemes. 



1. HOTTONIA, WATER VIOLET or FEATHER-FOIL. (Named 

 for Prof. Hotton of Holland.) Flowers summer. 2Z 



H. inflita, Ell. A singular plant in pools and ditches, Mass., S. ; 

 smooth, with stems and branches much inflated except at the joints, bear- 

 ing finely cut pectinate leaves ; flowers white. 

 GRAY'S F. F. & G. BOX. 18 



