380 SPURGE FAMILY. 



I B Leaves prominently digitate-lobed. 



7. RICINUS. Flowers in large panicled clusters, the fertile above, the staminate below. 



Calyx 5-parted. Stamens very many, in several bundles. Styles 3, united at base, 

 each 2-parted, red. Pod large, 3-lobed, with 3 large seeds. (Lessons, Fig. 419.) 

 Leaves alternate, with stipules. 



M- -M- Stamens 2 or 3. 



8. TKAGIA. Flowers monoecious and apetalous, in racemes. Sterile flowers with 3-5- 



cleft calyx. Fertile flowers with 3-8-parted persistent calyx. Calyx lobes valvate i 

 the bud. Plants pubescent or hairy. 



9. STILLINGIA. Flowers in a terminal spike, naked and staminate above, a few fertile 



flowers at base. Calyx 2-8-cleft. Stamens 2, rarely 3. Pod 3-lobed. Stigmas 3, 

 simple. Bracts with a fleshy gland on each side. Leaves alternate, stipulate. 

 Plants glabrous. 



* * Ovules and mostly seeds 2 in each cell of the ovary and 8-horned pod. Juice not 



milky in the following, which have monoecious flowers, mostly 4 sepals, 4 ex- 

 serted stamens in the sterile, and 3 awl-shaped spreading or recurved styles or 

 stigmas in the fertile, flowers. 



10. BUXUS. Flowers in small sessile bracted clusters in the axils of the thick and ever- 



green entire opposite leaves. Shrubs or trees. 



11. PACHYSANDRA. Flowers in naked lateral spikes, staminate above, a few fertile 



flowers at base. Filaments long, th'ickish and flat, white. Nearly herbaceous, low, 

 tufted ; leaves barely evergreen, alternate, coarsely few-toothed. 



12. PHYLLANTHUS. Flowers axillary and monoecious. Calyx commonly 5-6-parted, 



imbricated in the bud. Petals 0. Stamens generally 3. Ovules 2 in each cell. 

 Leaves alternate in 2 ranks. 



1. EUPHORBIA, SPURGE. (Said to be named for Euphorbus, phy- 

 sician to King Juba.) Flowers commonly in late summer. Only the 

 commonest species mentioned here. 



* Shrubby species of the conservatory, winter-flowering, with red bracts 



or leaves. 



E. pulcherrima, Willd., or PoiNSETTiA.of Mexico ; unarmed stout shrub, 

 with ovate or oblong and angled or sinuately few-lobed leaves, rather 

 downy beneath, those next the flowers mostly entire (4'-5' long) and of 

 the brightest vermilion-red ; flowers in globular greenish involucres bear- 

 ing a great yellow gland at the top on one side. 



. spfendens, Bojer. CROWN OP THORNS. Mauritius ; smooth with 

 thick and horridly prickly stems, oblong- spatulate, mucronate leaves, and 

 slender, clammy peduncles, bearing a cyme of several deep-red apparently 

 2-petalous flowers ; but the seeming petals are bracts around the cup-like 

 involucre of the real flowers. 



E. fulgens, Karw. (E. JACQUINI^FI^RA). Mexico ; unarmed, smooth, 

 with slender recurved branches and broadly lanceolate leaves, few-flow- 

 ered ; peduncles shorter than the petioles ; what appears like a 5-cleft 

 corolla are the bright red lobes of the involucre. 



* * Herbs natives of or naturalized in the country, the last and sometimes 



a few of the others cult, in gardens ; flowers late summer. 



t- Glands of the involucre with more or less conspicuous petal-like margins 

 or appendages, these usually white or rose-colored (obscure in the first). 



w- Leaves all opposite, small and short-stalked, oblique at the base. 

 = Seeds not roughened ; leaves entire, and the entire plant glabrous. 



E. polygonifdlia, Linn. A prostrate, spreading, reddish little plant 

 growing on the sands of the seacoast and along the Great Lakes ; leaves 



