PAYNE'S MANUAL OF 

 EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 



By FRANK OWEN PAYNE, M.Sc., Assistant in Bio- 

 logy, High School of Commerce, New York 



75 cents 



THIS laboratory manual presents a complete elementary 

 course for high schools, in which botany is continuously 

 correlated with practical gardening, farming, and bac- 

 teriology. It may be used independently or to supplement 

 any textbook. 



^y The controlling idea has been to provide applications of 

 vital principles which will be of real practical value to pupils 

 in their daily living and will help to make them better and 

 more intelligent citizens. 



^j Outlines are given for 228 experiments, dealing with the 

 following topics: common elements, food materials, osmosis, 

 soils, seed plants from seed to fruit, and cryptogams. Each 

 outline consists of a statement of the object of the experiment, 

 a list of apparatus, directions for doing the work, and ques- 

 tions or suggestions to guide the pupil to the interpretation of 

 the results. 



^y The wealth of material includes so many alternative ex- 

 periments that teachers will be enabled to adapt their work to 

 their special conditions and to follow a choice of topics from 

 year to year. Besides the exercises to be performed in the 

 classroom, others are provided for home work. 

 ^" The drills are chiefly in function, requiring little dissec- 

 tion and only simple lenses. The laboratory equipment 

 needed is simple, and much of it can be made at home at 

 small expense. 



^y The course includes all the experiments usually demanded 

 for entrance to college, and meets the requirements of the 

 New York State Academic Syllabus. 



AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY 



(166) 



