230 TiiE Horse Industry in ]^ew York State 



eighteenth hour after administration of the mallein. The re- 

 action depends npon the araonnt of inHannnation, discharge and 

 swelling present in the eye. Healthy horses are in no way 

 affected. The suspicions horses can be retested in a few days, 

 nsing the other eye. Tt is recommended by the Bureau of Ani- 

 mal Industry that the results be reported as follows i 



N. Negative — Eye unchanged. 



S. Suspicious — Seromucous discharge. 



Px. Positive — Seromucous discharge with purulent flakes. 



Pxx. Positive — Distinct purulent discharge. 



Pxxx, Positive — Purulent discharge with swelling of eyelids. 



Pxxxx. Positive — Strong purulent discharge with swelling 

 or gluing togetlier_of both lids. 



The subcutaneous mallein test is similar to the tuberculin test 

 in cattle. Two or three preliminary temperatures are taken ; f rQm 

 two or three c. c. mallein is injected in the side of the neck; 

 temperatures are resumed at the eighth hour after injection, and 

 continued from eighteen to twenty-four hours. In glandered 

 horses there is usually a fever reaction as in tuberculous cattle 

 — a rise from two to four degrees or higher, and sometimes a 

 pairiful swelling from three to twelve inches in diameter appears 

 at the point of injection. There is often a marked constitutional 

 disturbance or physical depression, shown by loss of appetite, 

 dullness and stiffness. Should these all be present it would be 

 considered a characteristic reaction. 



Cases showing a profuse discharge from the nose, with ulcers 

 and enlarged painless swelling of the glands just inside the lower 

 jaw, or a swollen leg with a chain of farcy buds or ulcers are 

 easily diagnosed. There are other cases, however, in which the 

 symptoms are not well marked, and, since the symptoms of many 

 diseases closely resembles those of glanders, it is doubly difficult 

 to make a diagnosis and the veterinarian is forced to make use of 

 some test. 



now THE DISEASE IS SPREAD 



It was formerly believed that this disease was spread directly 

 from the infected to the healthy animal, but it has been found 

 that it is frequently spread by contact with contaminated objects. 



