244 The Horse Industry in New York State 



either vegetable or mineral. Fowler's Solution in one-ounce 

 dosage twice daily is a convenient mode of administering arsenic, 

 which is a drug of great value in this condition. It will, however' 

 as a rule be wise to consult a competent veterinarian rather than 

 attempt to treat chronic catarrh empirically. 



OBSTkUCTIONS IN THE NOSE 



These may be due to polypus or tumors of the lining mem- 

 brane, thickening of the lining membrane itself, or disease of the 

 turbinated bones, due to injury from either external or internal 

 causes. All these conditions call for surgical treatment, so are 

 simply enumerated as factors in the diseases of the respiratory 

 apparatus. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE LARYNX AND PHARYNX LARYNGITIS AND 



PHARYNGITIS 



These conditions are described together because the parts are 

 closely adjacent, and inflammation of the one is usually accom- 

 panied or complicated by involvement of the other. 



Symptoms: Difiiculty in swallowing, fever, increased respira- 

 tion, soreness on pressure, cough, redness of visible mucous mem- 

 brane and discharge from nose. If the pharynx is involved, it 

 will be noticed that, when the animal is drinking a portion of the 

 water is returned through the nose. The appetite is usually 

 fairly good; but the pains caused by attempts to swallow fre- 

 quently deter the animal from eating very much. 



Treatment: Feed light, easily digested food, such as bran 

 mashes, scalded oats, oatmeal gruel or grass in season. Cover 

 with a warm blanket, bandage the legs to equalize circulation, 

 apply liniment to the throat once or twice daily, steam out nos- 

 trils and head as advised for sore throat, and give every two to 

 four hours, in one-ounce doses, a fever mixture composed of equal 

 parts of tincture belhidonna, tincture cinchona, sweet spirits of 

 nitre and acetate of annnonia. The application of a hot kaolin 

 poultice to the throat, well covered by cotton and bandage to re- 

 tain heat, frequently gives prompt relief. 



If breathing becomes very difficult due to swelling in throat, 

 tracheotomy will have to be resorted to ; but this again is an oper- 

 ation which should not be attempted by a layman. 



