56 O/Hoeing. Chap. VI. 



it ; fince they were not at the Pains to plant in Rows, 

 and hoe betwixt them with their Bidens ♦, being the 

 Instrument with which they tilled many of their 

 Vineyards, and enters as deep as the Plough, and is 

 much better than the Englijh Hoe, which indeed 

 feems, at the firft Invention of it, to be defigned 

 rather to fcrape Chimneys, than to till the Ground. 



The higheft and loweft Vineyards are ho'd by the 

 Plough •, firft the high Vineyards, where the Vines 

 grow (almoft like Ivy) upon great Trees, fuch as 

 Elms, Maples, Cherry-trees, &c. Thefe are conftantly 

 kept in Tillage, and produce good Crops of Corn, 

 befides what the Trees do yield ; and alfo thefe great 

 and conflant Products of the Vines are owing to this 

 Sort of Hoe-tillage •, becaufe- neither in Meadow or 

 Pafture Grounds can Vines be made toprofper; tho' 

 the Land be much richer, and yet have a lefs Quan- 

 tity of Grafs taken off ir, than the Arable has Corn 

 carried from that. 



The Vines of low Vineyards (a) 9 ho'd by the 



(a) From thefe I took: my Vineyard Scheme, obferving that 

 indifferent Land produce? an annual Crop of Grapes and vVood 

 without Dung ; and though there is annually carried off from an 

 Acre of Vineyard, as much in Subftance as is carried off in the 

 Crop of an Acre of Corn produced on Land of equal Goodnefs ; 

 and yet the Vineyard Soil is never impoverifhed, unlefs the hoeing 

 Culture be denied it : But a few annual Crops of Wheat, with- 

 out Dung in the common Management, will impoveriih and ema- 

 ciate the Soil. 



The Vine indeed has the Advantage of being a large perennial 

 Plant, and of receiving fome Part of ics Nourifhment below the 

 Staple ; but it has alfo Difadvantages : The Soil of the Vineyard 

 never can have a true Summer Fallow, tho' it has much Summer 

 Hoeing ; for the Vines live in it, and all over it all the Year: 

 neither can that Soil have Benefit from Dung, becaufe though by 

 5ncreafing the Pulveracion, it increafes the Crop, yet it fpoils the 

 Tafte of the Wine ; the Exhauftion of that Soil is therefore fup- 

 ply'd ky no artificial H~lp but Hoeing: And by all the Experience 

 I have had of it, the fame Caufe will have the fame Effect, upon 

 4 Soil for the Production of Corn, and other Vegetables, as well 

 as upon the Vineyard. 



Plough, 



