Chap. XIX. The Four-coulter d Plough, 297 



Left, and make too large an Angle on that Side 

 with the Axis of the Beam, the Plough would run 

 quite to the left Hand ; and if the Holder, to pre- 

 vent its running out of the Ground, turns the upper 

 Part of his Plough towards the left Hand, the Fin 

 of the Share will rife up, and cut the Furrow diago^ 

 nally (a)> leaving it half unplow'd -, befide, the 

 Plough will rife up at the Tail, and go all upon the 

 Point of the Share : To avoid thefe Inconveniences, 

 the flrait Side of the Share muft make an Angle on 

 the left Side of the Beam, but fo very acute, that 

 the Tail of the Share may only prefs lels againfl the 

 Side of the Trench than the Point does. This An- 

 gle is fhewn by the prick'd Lines at the Bottom of 

 Fig. 1. where the prick'd Line £ f is fuppofed to be 



{a) This is the greated Misfortune incident to a common Two- 

 wheeled Plough, and happens generally by the Fault of the 

 Maker, though lbrnetimes by the Plowman's fettmg it (o, that 

 the Point of the Share turns too much to the Left. I have (een 

 Xand plowed in this manner, where not half of it has been 

 moved, nor better tided than by Raftering, not only cut diago- 

 nally, but alfo half the Surface hath remained whole, where 

 when the Earth that was thrown on it was removed, the Weeds 

 appeared unhurt on the unplowed Surface. In this Cafe, they 

 for a Re edy fet the Plough to go deeper ; and then, if it go 

 deep enough tor the Fin to cut off the Furrow at a juft Depth, the 

 Point will ;jo below the Staple, which may ruin the Soil, unlefs 

 it be very deep 



When our Englijh Ploughs go in this manner, they make much 

 worfe Work than the BaJUrt Ploughs, that have no Coulter; for 

 thefe, contrar) to ours, though they always cut their Furrow di- 

 agonally, cut it thin on that Side from which it is turned, as our 

 bad Ploughs leave it thin on that Side towards which it is turned. 

 The Earth the Eafrerns leave by their Diagonal in one Furrow, 

 is tak« n off by the next ; but ours leaving Part of their Furrow 

 behind them, on the Side next to the plowed Part of the Field, 

 come at it no more ; but the other can plow cleaner, their Diago- 

 nal being contrary to ours, which leaves the Trench deepelt on 

 the Side next to the unplowed Part of the Field ; but unlefs the 

 Fin of the Four-coufrered Plough go parallel to the Surface of the 

 Earth, it will not plough at all ; or will leave Two or .Three of 

 its Four Furrows untouched. 



the 



