26 THE HORSE IN HISTORY 



Thus in the bloody battle fought between 

 Eumenes of Pergamus, and Antiochus of Syria, 

 to mention but a single instance, Antiochus had 

 four-horse chariots with scythes and spears in his 

 front line of battle, whereupon Eumenes purposely 

 " created terror" amongst these horses, with the 

 result that they turned suddenly and dashed back 

 into the lines of Antiochus, spreading devastation 

 and death on all sides in their own ranks. 



Certain it is that upon that occasion many 

 horses were cut to pieces by the scythes, but for 

 a full and graphic description of what happened 

 I must refer the reader to the thirty-seventh 

 chapter of the immortal " Livy." 



The esteem in which horses, especially war 

 horses, were held in the centuries that immedi- 

 ately preceded the coming of Christ may to some 

 extent be gathered from the prominence accorded 

 to them when coins to be used as the circulat- 

 ing medium began to come into general vogue. 

 Thus on the first of the Carthaginian coins — they 

 were struck in the third century B.C. — we find 

 represented a horse upon one side, a palm-tree 

 upon the other, while on the coins of the im- 

 portant Sicilian settlement, Panormus, a horse is 

 shown. 



I have tried to disentangle from a mass of only 



