THE HOKSE AXD ITS DISEASE^. 21 



in young, and also to increase their stock of inferior 

 horses, which they often palm on the merchant as des- 

 cended fi'om the sacred hreed. There are three breeds 

 or varieties of A rabian horses — the Attechi, or inferior ; 

 the Kadischi, literally horses of an unknown race, 

 answering to our half-bred horses, a mixed breed, and 

 the Kochlain horses, whose genealogy, according to the 

 Arab account, is known for two thousand years. Many 

 of them have written and attested pedigrees, extending 

 more than four thousand years. The Arabian horse 

 would not be acknowledged by every judge to possess a 

 perfect form ; his head, however, is inimitable. The 

 broadness and squareness of the forehead, the shortness 

 and fineness of the muzzle, the prominence and brilliancy 

 of the eye, the smallness of the ears, and the beautiful 

 course of the veins, will always characterize the head of 

 the Arabian horse. 



The Russian Horse. 



It may well be supposed that this animal will be 

 a very different character in various parts of this 

 immense empire. The heavy cavalry, and the greater 

 part of the horses for pleasure, are descended originally 

 from Cossack blood, but improved by stallions from 

 Poland, Prussia, Holstein, and England. It has been 

 supposed that no horse, except the Arab, or the Irish 

 horse, could endure privation like the Cossack, or had 

 combined speed and endurance equal to him. In 

 Southern and Western Eussia, and also in Poland, the 

 breeding of horses occupies the attention of great landed 

 proprietors. The stud of the Russian Countess Orloff 

 Shoesmensky, in the province of Walonese, contains 

 1,320 horses — Arabs, Irish, English, and native horses; 

 the gi'ound attached to it amounts to 1,100 acres. 



The Worwegian Horse. 



This horse is larger than the Swedish or Finland, but 

 is equally hardy and attached to his owner= The roads 



