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and the blunt sides afforded rather a show of pro- 

 tection than any positive security. Mr. Gowing has 

 increased the breadth needed to make the chisel 

 useful, and he has also added two falling sides, that, 

 dropping over the lateral surfaces of the molars, 

 guide the instrument, which works as in a groove. 

 More steadiness is thus obtained, and the operator, 

 consequently, can act with decision. The new chisel, 

 however, is not intended to be used alone ; if singly 

 employed, it might do some damage, and fracture 

 almost as readily be induced as formerly. To prevent 

 such an accident other aids were imperative, and 

 perceiving this, the instrument, which the following 

 wood-cut represents, was invented by Mr. Gowing. 



It is carved, so as to be suited to the shape of the 

 horse's mouth, and at one end has a handle, while at 

 the other is a cutting edge, between two circular 

 guards, which prevent any injury being done to the 

 softer parts. When a shelving projection of tooth is 

 to be removed, this instrument is introduced into the 



