28 Hounds 



ferior maxilla, which is very strong, bears seven teeth 

 along its upper border and four at the front. 



At the back and outer side of the jaw there is a 

 deep depression to lodge the cheek muscle, and above 

 this a large projecting process — coronoid process. 



The neck (cervix) is composed of seven cervical ver- 

 tehrcB, and the body of each vertebra in such hounds 

 as the Greyhound, Deerhound, etc., is relatively 

 long, but the first, atlas, and the second, axis, are quite 

 different from the succeeding five. In front the atlas 

 articulates with the back of the skull, and it is at this 

 joint (occipito-atlantal) that the nodding movement 

 occurs, whereas the joint formed by the back articu- 

 lar surface of this bone and the front of the axis con- 

 fers lateral motion to the head. This is called the 

 atlanto-axial articulation. Following the bones com- 

 posing the neck are the dorsal vertehrce, numbering 

 thirteen, the last of which articulates with the first 

 bone of the loins or lumbar vertehrce. These bones are 

 well developed. Strength in this region, especially in 

 hounds, is absolutely essential; in fact, a weak-loined 

 hound is no use for work. 



Their lateral or transverse processes (projections) are 

 strong. The sacrum follows the lumbar vertebrae and 

 is composed of three segments united together. 



This completes the bones of the spinal column. 

 The remaining ones, belonging to the tail, are known 

 as coccygeal vertehrce. 



