58 Hounds 



muscular fibres, and the pupil is constantly contract- 

 ing and dilating under the influence of strong light 

 and shade respectively, this being a measure as to the 

 healthy state of the vision. 



The eyeball is maintained in position by muscles, 

 which regulate the movements of the organ. 



The eyehds are reflected over the globe of the eye 

 and lined by mucous membrane — the conjunctiva — 

 which, during health, is of a bright pink colour, 

 though in disease its colour becomes heightened, or 

 it may be paler than normal. At the inner border 

 of the eye there is a small piece of cartilage. This 

 is the membrana nictitans, or third eyelid as it is 

 sometimes called. 



The lachrymal gland (tear-secreting organ) is 

 situated beneath the upper eyelid. 



The Ear 



The external ears, or flaps, are composed mainly 

 of skin and yellow-fibre cartilage, hence the reason 

 why hounds in this part usually prove so trouble- 

 some to heal. 



To prevent the infliction of injury to the ear-flaps, 

 it has always been the custom to " round " the ears 

 of Foxhounds, though the necessity for doing this has 

 frequently given rise to a good deal of newspaper 

 controversy. It can hardly be regarded as an opera- 

 tion of necessity, but one that has become established 



