PREFACE. xxix 



other ideas prevail as to the " Freedom of science in 

 the modern Polity " than those which obtain in the 

 capital, Berlin. And among us the Berlin students' 

 rhyme has no meaning, 



" Who knows the truth and freely speaks, 

 On him the law its vengeance wreaks." l 



The Jena students, on the contrary, sing the rhyme 

 in its original form 



" Who knows the truth and speaks it not, 

 A i'eeble wretch is he, God wot." 2 



The Rector Magnificentissimus of the University of 

 Jena, the Grand Duke of Saxony, who has proved 

 himself the protector of the arts and sciences, has 

 besides far more liberal views as to the liberty of 

 scientific investigation and teaching than the illus- 

 trious head of the party of progress at Berlin. The en- 

 lightened and liberal Prince at Weimar, under whose 

 particular protection we in Jena find ourselves, has 

 never conceived it necessary to limit in any way the 

 unbounded freedom of my teaching and my writing ; 

 not even when in 1866 my " General Morphology," 

 and 1868 my " History of Creation" first appeared, 

 and when many people attempted to make the youth- 



1 " Wer die Wahrheit kennet und saget sie frei, 



Der kommt in Berlin auf die Stadt-Vogtei." 



2 " Wer die "Wahrheit kennet und saget sie nicht 



Der ist fur wahr ein erbarmlicher Wicht." 



