164- TTIE FRESH-WATER FISHES OF EUROPE. 



granulations on the top of the head and sides of the body in the Dace of 

 Switzerland. 



Attempts have been made to introduce Dace into the Lake of Geneva, but 

 hitherto without success. 



The variety which was described by Lmnteus as Cyprinus leuciscus, and 

 which has, therefore, good claims to be considered the type of the Dace tribe, 

 is most widely distributed, being found throughout Euopean Russia, though 

 absent from the Caucasus. According to Canestrini, it is absent from Italy, 

 and it is exceedingly rare in Austria; but throughout Germany, Switzerland, 

 France, and Belgium, it is generally present. 



Leuciscus rostratus (Fig. 87) , is a variety known in the Tyrol as iheMarzliny. 

 The dorsal profile is nearly horizontal, but the back rises suddenly from the head. 



The vertebral column varies a little, there being from twenty- three to 

 twenty-four abdominal, and nineteen to twenty caudal vertebrae. 



Leuciscus illyricus (HECKEL and KNER). 



D. 11, A. 12. Scales : lat. line 49 51, transverse 



4 5. 



This fish belongs to a small group of species which are found in the 

 South of Europe. It has the high compressed body and large scales 

 characteristic of the preceding species, but is especially distinguished by the 



Fig. 88. LEUCISCVS ILLYKKTCS (HECKEL AND KNEH). 



upper jaw being the longer, by shortness of all the fin-rays, by the nume- 

 rous rays on the scales, and by the small size of the eye (Fig. 88). 



The head is one-fifth of the length of the fish, and the height of the body 

 exceeds the length of the head. The eye is one-sixth of the length of the head, 

 is separated from the snout by twice its diameter, and the eyes are separated by 

 about two and a half times the orbital diameter. The mouth extends downward 



