16 1) THE FRESH-WATER FISHES OF EUROPE. 



the upper jaw. The dorsal fin is higher than the anal. The origin of the 

 former is opposite to the ventrals, and much nearer the base of the caudal fin 

 than the end of the snout. The bases of the dorsal and anal fins are equal 

 in length. The pectoral fin terminates at some distance in advance of the 

 ventral. The scales are marked with numerous. striae. There are three longi- 

 tudinal rows of scales between the lateral line and ventral fin. The body is 

 irregularly mottled with brown. There are no spots on the head or the fins. 

 The habits of the species have not been observed. 



Leuciscus svallize (HECKEL and KNER). 

 D. 12, A. 1213, V. 9. Scales : lat. line 46, transverse 8/8. 



Leuciscus svallize (Fig. 90), known only from Dalmatia, is a southern re- 

 presentative of the Dace, from which it differs in having more rays in the anal 

 fin. It is closely allied to the Chub, and has an elongated form, with wide 



Fig. 90. LEUCISCUS SVALLIZE (HECKEL AND KNEK). 



head, large eye, mandible almost as long as the upper jaw, a high dorsal fin, 

 and scales with few rays. The head is one-fifth of the length of the fish, and 

 its length is nearly equal to the height of the body. The greatest thickness is 

 half the length of the head. The head is about four and a half times as long 

 as the eye ; the eye is separated from the snout by its own diameter, and the 

 width of the frontal region between the eyes is fully one-third of the length of 

 the head. The mouth is rather narrow, less oblique than in many allied 

 species, and reaches back to the front margin of the orbit. The hindemiost 

 sub-orbital bone is not larger than the first, and the intermediate bones are 

 very narrow. 



