SALMO LEMANUS. 295 



extremely thin and short pyloric appendages, which number about forty-four. 

 It grows to a length of at least eighteen or nineteen inches ; and would 

 appear to spawn late, since a specimen of that size, caught in August, was 

 stated to have the eggs still fixed in the ovaries, and of the size of hemp-seed. 



The small vomerine teeth are in a single series bent alternately to the left 

 and right. Most of them are persistent to the age of maturity. The teeth on 

 the tongue are very small, not larger than those of the mandible. The pectoral 

 fin is pointed; the caudal is forked in the young, and truncate in mature 

 examples. Its rounded scales on the tail are a little larger than those on the 

 trunk. 



The young have nine Parr marks, with ocellated black and red spots, and 

 have white borders to the anal, dorsal, and ventral fins. The mature fish is 

 very dark, with a silvery lustre on the under side. There are black spots on 

 the operculum, and numerous X-shaped black spots on the sides ; the fins are 

 blackish, with a few indistinct spots on the dorsal, and a black posterior 

 margin to the caudal. There are fifty -nine vertebrae. 



Salmo autumnalis (PALLAS). 

 D. 13, A. 12, P. 15. 



Pallas mentioned a fish under this name, which in the month of October 

 ascends into the River Neva in shoals to spawn. It is two feet six inches long, 

 and has a strong scent, which is offensive to Salmon and to the species of 

 Coregonus. The pectoral fins ai-e reddish ; the ventrals bright-red ; the anal 

 is brownish-red, and both the latter have white margins. The caudal and 

 dorsal fins are brown, in harmony with the colour on the upper part of the 

 body. Below the lateral line the colour is greyish, with small yellowish spots, 

 and the belly is white. 



It is remarkable that this fish, which Pallas sufficiently defined as having 

 thirteen dorsal, twelve anal, and fifteen pectoral rays, is entirely unknown. 



Salmo lemanus (CUVIER). 



26 28 

 D. 13, A. 12, P. 14, V. 9. Scales : lat. line 115118, transverse - 



06. 



This fish may be regarded as a connecting link between Salmo fario and 

 Salmo rappii. It is found in the Lake of Geneva and in the Lago Maggiore, 

 but the specimens in the British Museum are sterile, a condition which rather 

 suggests that they may be hybrids. The back is greenish ; the belly and sides 

 are silvery. There are numerous very small X-shaped black markings scattered 



