298 THE FRESH-WATER FISHES OF EUROPE. 



only in large males. The male has also a short hook to the mandible. The 

 maxillary bone is strong-, expanded in its hinder part, much as in the Schweb- 

 forelley and similarly extends back beyond the orbit in old fishes. The pro- 

 operculum is crescent-shaped, with the lower limb distinct. The posterior 

 opercular margin is obtusely rounded, the operculum being short. The teeth 

 are strong, and the vomerine teeth are at first in a single series, and then 

 irregularly placed. The fins show no distinctive peculiarities, but the caudal 

 becomes truncate with maturity. There are sixteen rows of scales in a trans- 

 verse series, descending from behind the adipose fin forward to the lateral line ; 

 which is one row more than is found in the Salrno lacnstris. The sides have 

 a reddish tone with a number of X-shaped brownish spots, and, as usual, the 

 spots on the operculum are round. 



Salmo dentex (HECKEL). The Great Dalmatian 



Trout. 



D. 1213, A. 12, P. 13, V. 9, C. 7/17/6. Scales: lat. line 118126', 



transverse 24 35. 



There is probably no other European Salmonoid in which the jaws are so 

 powerfully developed as in this species, but the large size of the pre-maxillary 



Fig. 152. SALMO UENTEX (HECKEL). 



teeth, which suggested the name dentex, is more conspicuous in young than in 

 old specimens (Fig. 152). 



The head is small and pointed ; the arch of the nose is low, and the 

 whole body is covered with small black marks, which often take on an 

 X-shape. Among these a few larger round red spots are scattered. The length 

 of the head exceeds the height of the body, the fish being five times as long as 

 high, and four and a half times as long as the head. The eye is one-fifth of 

 the length of the head. The breadth of the frontal interspace between the 



