SALMO UMBLA. 321 



growth is slower than that of Trout, which often occur in the same lakes. They 

 do not associate with the Trout. They are hardy, and can be removed from one 

 lake to another, often with advantage. Thus Salbling taken from the Grundel 

 See, on the Elm, were put into a lake four thousand feet up the mountain, 

 when they rapidly gained from three to five pounds' weight, and became larger 

 than the native fishes of the same species. 



The flesh of the Salbling is held in extraordinary esteem. It is sometimes 

 red, sometimes white, the colour of the flesh varying with the season of the year, 

 the lake, or even with the water in which fishes have been temporarily placed. 

 The excellence of the flesh varies in a distance of two or three miles. On this 

 account the species has not been thought suitablc k for artificial cultivation. Like 

 so many other fishes, it is captured easily at spawning-time, when its usual 

 vigilance is relaxed. It is taken in Upper Austria with a net, known as the 

 Segen, which has a sack-shaped form, and is furnished with two lateral expan- 

 sions, or wings, so that it can be drawn through the water to shore by two 

 boats, each manned by two men. In this way a plentiful supply is obtained. 

 The smaller fishes, weighing less than half a pound, are thrown back into the 

 lake. Von Siebold says sterile individuals are common in the Bavarian lakes, 

 where they weigh about three pounds or three pounds and a half. 



This species has sixty -four vertebrae, and thirty-six pyloric appendages to 

 the intestine. 



Salmo umbla 



D. 12, A. 1213, P. 14, V. 9, C. 19. Scales : lat. line 200. 



A well-marked variety of Salmo salvelinus is found in the Swiss lakes 

 Constance, Neuchatel, and Geneva, which is known to the Germans as Rothel , 

 or Rothforelle, and to the French as Ombre Chevalier, sometimes written 

 Omble-chevalier. The body is higher, the scales are larger, the teeth in the 

 pre-maxillary and maxillary bones are stronger than in S. salvelinus, and the 

 belly is never red. The entire fish is about four and a half times as long as 

 the head, and about five times as long as the greatest height of the body in 

 front of the dorsal fin (Fig. 162). 



The snout is always more pointed than in the Salbling, and the profile 

 of the back is similar to the ventral profile for the first half of the length. 

 Exclusive of the furrow for the eyelid, the eye is more than its own 

 diameter from the point of the snout, and three times its diameter from the 

 margin of the operculum. The frontal interspace is narrower than in the 

 Salbling, being in width only one and a half times the diameter of the eye. 

 The jaws are equal in length ; the mouth is wide, while the maxillary bone 

 21 



