SALMO WILLUGHBir. 3:i7 



vertebrae, and thirty-two to thirty-five pyloric appendages ; but in Scotland 

 some variation is perceptible, for the vertebra are sixty-one to sixty-two, the 

 pyloric appendages thirty-nine to forty-four ; while the fishes are seven to eight 

 inches long. The number of scales in the lateral line is fewer, but otherwise the 

 fish is so closely allied to S. killinensis and S. nivalis, that it may be regarded 

 as another link in the chain of variation from Salmo salvelinus. 



The head and body, according to Dr. Giinther, are compressed. The fish is 

 four times as long as high. The orbital diameter is one-fifth of the length of 

 the head ; the length of the sub-conical snout exceeds the diameter of the eye, 

 and the breadth of the convex frontal interspace is less than twice the diameter 

 of the eye. This area has a prominent ridge on the middle, with two series of 

 pores. The nostrils are just in front of the eye. The maxillary bone carries 

 twenty to twenty-one teeth of medium size, and extends as far back as the 

 posterior orbital border. 



There are four teeth in the pre- maxillary bone, seventeen in each mandible, 

 two pairs on the vomer, fifteen on each palatine bone, and four pairs on the 

 tongue. Nearly all the branchiostegal rays are exposed in a side view of the 

 fish. The lower branch of the outermost branchial arch carries eleven lanceolate 

 slightly-curved gill-rakers. 



The dorsal fin commences midway between the snout and the base of the 

 caudal. The length of its base is equal to the height of the last ray. The 

 ventral fin is below the hinder part of the dorsal, and is two-thirds as long as 

 the pectoral. The scales are ovate, minute on the back, and hidden in the skin. 

 They are largest in the lateral line. As in S. salvelinus, the back is a dark 

 green, and the belly deep red. The sides of the head are silvery, finely dotted 

 with black below. The lower fins are red, with white anterior margins, and 

 blackish in the middle. 



Salmo rutilus (NILSSON). 



A small Charr, about twelve inches long, is found in the lakes of south- 

 western Norway, which has been thus named. We only know that the body is 

 five and a third times as long as the head, and that it has a pointed snout, with 

 the lower jaw sometimes prominent. 



The colour is brownish above, yellowish at the sides, orange, or red below, 

 while the sides have small light spots. The red ventral and anal fins have 

 white anterior margins. These characters are insufficient to distinguish the 

 fish from the British Charr, and we can only suspect that this is another slight 

 variation from the type so well represented in Great Britain. 



