332 THE FRESH-WATER FISHES OF EUROPE. 



It has a conical head, blunt snout, thick compressed body, with convex 

 sides. The teeth are pointed, recurved, and longer in the lower jaw than in the 

 upper. The teeth on the palatine bones are smaller than those on the tongue. 

 The scales are small, inclined to be silvery, with scattered spots. The belly is 

 white and unspotted. The head, which is blotched with brown, is about two- 

 ninths the length of the body. 



GENUS : Luciotrutta (GUNTHER). 



This genus includes two species of migratory Trout, one of which lives in 

 the river Mackenzie, and the other in the Caspian Sea, the Volga, and rivers of 

 Russia. 



The type is characterised by the mandible projecting far beyond the upper 

 jaw. The mouth has a wide cleft, and the long maxillary bone is prolonged 

 far backward. The teeth are remarkable for their minute size; they are 

 villiform, and occur in bands on the vomer, palatine bones, and tongue. The 

 maxillary is toothless. The gill-rakers are rough on the inner side. There 

 are many pyloric appendages. 



LuciotrTitta leucichthys (GULDENSTADT). 

 D. 15, A. 14, V. 11. 



This fish is known only from the descriptions of Giildenstadt, Pallas, and 

 Lepechin. It goes up the Volga periodically, and appears to similarly fre- 

 quent the great rivers of Siberia, ascending them from the Arctic Ocean. 

 It is usually about three feet long, and resembles the Salmon in form and 

 size. Both the maxillary and mandible are toothless. The cleft of the mouth 

 is wide, the tongue triangular, free, and somewhat rough. The dentition on 

 the bones of the palate is so fine that it is more easily felt than seen. The 

 eyes are large and lateral. The nares are midway between the eye and the 

 blunt snout. It is artificially cultivated in Russia. 



GENUS: OsmerilS (ARTEDI). 



The Smelts are closely related to Salmon on the one hand, and to Coregonus 

 on the other. The genus differs from both types in its internal anatomy, 

 the stomach having a moderately long blind sac and very few short pyloric 



