3GG THE FRESH-WATEK FISH MS OF Ki:|{<)PK. 



FAMILY: UMBRID.E. 

 GENUS: Umbra (KRAMER). 



The genus Umbra includes small fresh-water fishes which are allied to Pike 

 on the one side and to the Garfish tribe on the other. The pre-maxillary bones 

 form the front, while the maxillary bones form the sides of the jaws. There 

 are villiform teeth in the jaws, on the vomer, and on the palatine bones. The 

 eye is small. The stomach is a simple expansion of the intestine, and there 

 are no pyloric appendages. Both the head and the oblong- body are covered 

 with cycloid scales, on which there are no radiating striae. The lateral line 

 is not conspicuous. The dorsal fin is opposite the ventral, or a little behind 

 it. The anal fin is short, and the caudal rounded. 



Only two species are known : one limited to the South of Europe, the 

 other to the United States. 



Umbra krameri (MULLER). 



D. 15 1C), A. 78, V. 6, P. 13. Scales : lat. line 3335, transverse 5 



The fish thus named is popularly known in Austria as the Dogfish, and in 

 Hungary as the Rila/ial (Fig. 169). In these countries it frequents stagnant 



Fig. 169. UMBRA KllAMERI (FITZINGER.). 



waters' and grows to a length of three or four inches, and is especially found 

 in the neighbourhood of the Neusiedler See, Moosbrunn near Vienna, and 

 Teufelsbach near Pesth, and in streams which flow into the Plattensee. It is 

 also said to occur in the neig-hbourhood of Odessa. 



