I. 'is 



THE FRESH-WATER FISHES OF EUROPE. 



Pleuronectes italicus, 87 89 ; fin formula, 87 ; 



distribution of, -ib., 88 ; description of, ib. 

 Pleuronectidas, 19, 85. 



Rhodeus, 207 210 ; characters and distribution 

 of genus, 207. 



amai-us, 207210; fin formula, 207; de- 

 scription of, 207, 209 ; illustration of (Fig. 

 114), 208; pharyngeal teeth of (Fig. 115), 

 'ib.; sexual and seasonal variations in colour, 

 ib. ; size of, 209 ; contents of stomach of, ib. ; 

 habitat of, 210; bitterness of flesh of, ib.; 

 distribution of, ib. 



Salmo, 265332 ; characters of, 265, 267 ; Griin- 

 ther on, 266 ; influence of water and food upon 

 colour, ib. ; Giinther on diagnosing specific 

 characters of, ib. et sey. ; distribution of, 

 267. 



alpinus, fin formula of, 323 ; distribution 



of, ib. ; description of, ib. , 324. 



argenteus, specific characters of, 278 ; de- 

 scription of, 283, 284 ; colour of, 284. 

 ausonii, 276. 



autumnalis, specific characters of, 278 ; de- 

 scription of, 295. 



bailloni, specific characters of, 278 ; fin 



formula, 314 ; description of, ib. ; homo of, ib. 



brachypoma, specific characters of, 278 ; 



fin formula of, 309 ; home of, ib. ; description 

 of, ib. 



cambricus, specific characters of, 278 ; fin 



formula, 282 ; distribution of, ib. ; description 



of, ib., 283 ; food of, 283 ; hybrids of, ib. 



carbonaiius, home of, 328 ; description of, 



carpio, specific characters of, 278 ; fin for- 

 mula, 296 ; illustration of (Fig. 151), ib. ; 

 description of, ib., 297 ; spawning of, 297 ; 

 local names of, ib. 



colii, fin formula, 326 ; home of, ib. ; de- 

 scription of, ib. 



dentex, specific characters of, 278 ; fin for- 



mula of, 298 ; powerful jaws of, ib. ; descrip- 

 tion of, ib., 299; illustration of (Fig. 152), 

 298 ; colour of, 299 ; non-migration of, 300 ; 

 flesh of, ib. ; distribution of, ib. 



fario, specific characters of, 278 ; fin for- 

 mula, 288 ; critical remarks respecting varie- 

 ties of, ib. ; distribution of, ib., 289 ; descrip- 

 tion of, 289 ; habits of, ib., 290 ; food of, 

 290 ; flavour of flesh influenced by the nature 

 of the stream, ib. ; longevity of, ib. ; var. 

 ausonii, characters of, 276 ; distribution of, 

 29') ; description of, 290, 292 ; illustration of 

 (Fig. 150), 291 ; sexual variation in dentition, 

 ib. ; variation of colour with food, 292 ; habitat 

 of, ib. ; size of, 293 ; habits of, ib. ; food of, /*.; 

 spawning of, ib. ; eggs of, and their incuba- 

 tion, ib., 294 ; artificial breeding of, 294 ; 

 diseases of, ib. ; internal anatomy of, ib. 



ferox, specific characters of, 278 ; fin for- 

 mula of, 313; distribution of, ib. ; descrip- 

 tion of, ib. ; colour of, ib. ; Mr. C. St. John on 

 catching, ib., 314. 



Salmo gallivensic, specific characters of, 278 ; fin 



formula, 294; description of, ib., 295; purr 

 marks of, 295. 



genivittatus, special characters of , 278 ; fin 



formula, 315; home of, ib. ; illustration of 

 (Fig. 160), ib. ; description of, ib., 316 ; colour 

 of, ib. 



grayi, fin formula, 328 ; home of, ib. ; 



description of, ib., 329. 



hardinii, characters of, 278, 281 ; distribu- 

 tion of, 281 ; colour of, //;. 



hucho, fin formula, 329 ; home of, ib. ; 



illustration of (Fig. 163), ib. ; description of, 

 329,330; colour of, 330 ; size of, 331; spawn- 

 ing of, ib. ; habitat of, ib. ; diseases of, /'//. 



killinensis, fin formula, 325 : description 



of, ib. ; excessive development of fins of, ib. 



labrax, specific characters of, 278 ; home 



of, 316 ; account of, ib. 



lacustris, specific characters of, 278 ; fin 



formula, 304 ; description of, ib., 305 ; illus- 

 tration of (Fig. 156), 304 ; vomer of (Fig. 157), 

 ib. ; voracity of, 305 ; sterile forms of, ib. 



lacustris ; vax.gfki.ff'ermulleri,ZQf)\ illus- 



tration of (Fig. 158), ib. ; vomer of (Fig. 159), 



ib. ; description of, ib., 306 ; colour of, 306 ; 



weight of, ib. ; habits of, ib. ; spawning of, 



time of unknown, 307. 

 lemanus, specific characters of, 278 ; fin 



formula, 295 ; home of, ib. ; description of, 



ib., 296. 

 levenensis, specific characters of, 278 ; fin 



formula, 307 ; home of, ib. ; description of, 



ib., 308 ; parr of, ib. ; hybrids of, ib. 



lossos, fin formula, 331 ; distribution of, 

 ib. ; description of, 331, 332. 



marsiglii, specific characters of, 278, 301 ; 

 fin formula, 301 ; distribution of, ib. ; descrip- 

 tion of, 302, 303; illustration of (Fig. 154), 

 302 ; vomer of (Fig. 155), ib.-, colour of, 303, 

 ib. ; size of, ib. ; food of, ib. ; mode of hunt- 

 ing the prey, ib. ; spawning of, ib. ; habits of, 

 304 ; flesh of, ib. 



microlepis, specific characters of, 278; fin 



formula, 288 ; description of, ib. 



mistops, specific characters of, 278 ; fia 

 formula, 285 ; description of, ib. 



nigripinnis ; specific characters of, 278 ; 



fin formula, 285 ; distribution of, ib. ; de- 

 scription of, ib., 286 ; occurrence of sterile 

 specimens of, 286. 



nivalis, fin formula, 324 ; distribution of, 

 ib. ; description of, ib. 



obtusirostris, specific characters of, 278 ; 

 fin formula of, 286 ; distribution of. ib. ; 

 description of, ib., 287 ; illustration of (Fig. 

 147), 286; vomer of (Fig. 148), 287; vomer, 

 palatines, and maxillary arch of (Fig. 149), 

 ib. ; colour of, ib., 288 ; non-migration, of, 

 288. 



orcadensis, specific characters of, 278 ; fin 

 formula, 308 ; races of, ib. ; description of, 

 309. 



perisii, fin formula, 325 ; distribution of, 

 ib. ; description of, ib. , 326. 



polyosteus, specific characters of, 278 ; 



fin formula, 309 ; home of, ib. ; description 

 of, ib. 

 - rappii, specific characters of, 278 ; fin 



