THE MODERN UNIVERSITY MOVEMENT 15 
hives of industry seems to me to have been attended by 
mutual disadvantages, and to have placed in actual opposition - 
two spheres of human activity that in a well-regulated world 
should be coincident. I do not think I over-state the case. 
Broadly speaking, the old universities have been the training 
ground of statesmen, lawyers, parsons, schoolmasters, and 
doctors—in a word, of the learned professions—whilst they 
have been to an almost negligible extent the training ground 
of those who immediately direct and control the world of 
commerce and industry. It cannot be surprising then that 
there has come about something like an antagonism between 
the conventional university man and the conventional man 
of business, or if not an antagonism, then a marked want 
of sympathy. This is not to be found to anything like 
the same degree in Scotland or in Germany, where the 
universities are among the people. I know it has been 
maintained that a university cannot intellectualize its neigh- 
bourhood, Newman uses these very words. They may be 
true of a rural university, but surely they are not true of one 
placed in a city, and especially of one in which the studies 
bear closely on the surrounding industries. | 
One great misfortune of an isolated university is that its 
government falls into the hands of a purely academic group 
of men; there is no chance of that association of men of 
thought with men of action which produces a mutual sympathy 
and understanding, and which checks the excesses to which 
either class is prone. There can be no doubt that among 
a great many men, not mere scoffers, but earnest, thoughtful 
men, there has been a belief. that to send a son to the university 
was not only of no direct intellectual advantage for the 
purposes of what is called business, but that a young man 
might thereby acquire a positive distaste for business, and 
perhaps be diverted altogether from it, On the other hand it 
can hardly be denied that there has been a feeling of repug- 
