THE MODERN UNIVERSITY MOVEMENT 11 
is the upper millstone. He has been aghast at our newness, 
our smallness, our poorness in this world’s goods, our incon- 
spicuousness, our ugly mundane surroundings, our incomplete- 
ness in range of studies, our poverty in the number of learned 
men, our poverty in halls of residence, our strange new studies 
about leather, dyeing, and brewing. The nether millstone 
has been the man who has not been at Oxford or Cambridge, 
who does not believe in them, who associates them with 
pedantry, ecclesiasticism, class education, idleness cultured or 
uncultured, and who has doubts whether even knowledge of 
leather, dyeing, and brewing, when acquired in a university, is 
likely to be of much value in the work-a-day world. 
Well, I understand both points of view, and I sympathize 
heartily with both. It seems to me the most natural thing in 
this world that we should have these difficulties to encounter. 
But happily we have had in our founders a body of men 
whom the public could trust, men who on the one hand 
occupied in the world of business a position which was 
a guarantee of their zeal and sagacity in practical affairs, and 
who on the other hand were so obviously imbued with high 
ideals of life, that they could never be suspected of a desire to 
look upon higher education merely as an instrument for the 
service of Mammon. ; 
Here, in my opinion, do we find the main current of the 
‘new university movement. It is characterized most of all by 
this, that it embodies an attempt to infuse intellectual life into 
the daily work of the modern world; not merely to superadd 
to work the means for a cultivated leisure, but to endow work 
itself with something that will enter into its very life-blood. 
The nineteenth century embraced a period of unparalleled 
industrial development, and more remarkable to us than the 
increase in volume of industry is the alteration in its character. 
The arts of industry and cammerce were transformed into 
branches of applied science. Do not suppose that I mean to 
