BACTERIUM TYPHI MURIUM. 259 



Milk remains fluid exactly as with Bact. typhi and is 

 rendered alkaline. Our culture is thus difficult to differ- 

 entiate from true typhoid, especially since its flagella 

 correspond in number and length with the best flagellated 

 typhoid cultures. On the contrary, the potato growth is 

 remarkably luxuriant. 



Upon feeding, the bacterium is pathogenic only for 

 mice; house mice (Mus rnusculus) and field mice (Arvi- 

 cola arvalis), but not for Mus agrarius and the various 

 domestic animals. It has been successfully employed to 

 combat the plague of field mice (compare, for example, 

 Zupnik, C. B. xxi, 458, and Appel, C. B. xxv, 373), 

 since the animals, after eating bread soaked in cultures of 

 the bacterium, die; and then, when eaten by their com- 

 panions, spread the disease still further. The ingestion of 

 200 germs is certainly, and of 20 almost certainly, fatal 

 (Appel). 



Bacillus of mouse plague of Laser (C. B. xi, 184). 

 Almost identical; not studied by us. However, according 

 to Laser, it is stained by Gram's method. 



Motile Varieties, Partly Incompletely Described, Re- 

 lated to the Bact. coli or Bact. cholera? suum. 



(Statements are lacking regarding the arrangement of flagella or 

 the fermentation of carbohydrates. ) 



Bacillus of grouse disease of Klein (C. B. VI, 36, 592; VII, 82). 

 Epidemic of the Scotch grouse (Lagopus scoticus). 



Bacillus loxiacida Tartakowsky. Cause of crossbill plague. In 

 growth resembles a little more Bact. typhi. No coagulation of milk, 

 no indol. 



New gas -producing, aerobic Bacillus of Laser (C. B. xm, 217). 

 Cause of an epidemic among calves. 



Bacterium of an epidemic of young pheasants. Klein (Jour, 

 of Pathol. and Bact., n, 1893, 214). 



Bacterium in melaena neonatorum Gartner (C. B. XV, 865). 

 Typical peritrichous flagella; relation to milk-sugar unknown. 



Bacillus pyogenes fcetidus Passet. Untersuchungen liber eitrige 

 Phlegmone, Berlin, 1885. Compare also Rabe, Bact. coli as cause of 

 disease in animals (C. B. xxi, 282). 



Spermophilus gattatus, a variety of ground squirrel (C. B. XVI, 612, 

 and xx, 176), appears similar to our culture. 



