332 IMPORTANT VARIETIES OF FISSION-FUNGI. 



mains an open question whether the spores employed in 

 these investigations were of maximum resistance. Spores 

 stored dry in earth remain alive for months, and even 

 years; also, if the spores are placed in water together 

 with soil, they live for months. 



8. Upon rice nutrient media (rice covered over with a 

 solution of 1% peptone and 0.5% Nad) the virulence of 

 all the varieties studied was soon lost (v. Hibler). 



9. Most effective are intramuscular inoculations; less, 

 subcutaneous; and least, intraperitoneal. The effect is 

 more pronounced with extensive injury of tissue than 

 without. 



10. Attenuated cultures of the varieties producing local 

 affections cause less edema and more cellular accumulation 

 than virulent ones. The less the virulence, the greater the 

 phagocytosis. 



Bacillus tetani. (Nicolaier.) (Deutsch. med. 

 Wochenschr., 1884, 842.) 



(Plate 44.) 



Literature. Kitasato (Z. H. vn, 225; x, 267), Kitt (C. B. VII, 297), 

 Knorr (Tetanusgift, Munch, med. Wochenschr., 1898, 321 and 362). 



Microscopic Appearance. In animal: rods, 1.2-3.6 

 p. long, 0.5-0.8 f* thick. In cultures (especially of little 

 virulence) there are often very long threads, l sometimes 

 also rods arranged in strings (44, ix). Mature spores 

 are at the ends of the short rods, oval to round, 1.5-2.0 IJL 

 long and about 1.5 fj. thick (44, vn). Many times a 

 piece of a thread rests upon the end with the spore like a 

 scepter. Sometimes also the long threads sporulate (44, 

 x). Then in many places are seen short rods arising from 

 the thread containing very distinctly polar spores; in other 

 places one spore lies close to another, so that the entire 

 substance of the rod appears to be converted into spores. 

 Similar pictures appear to have been seen by Vincenzi 

 (C. B. xiv, 149). 



Spontaneous motion is observed in anaerobic hanging 

 drops, dependent upon numerous, long, peritrichous fla- 

 gella; according to Votteler (Z. H. xxvii, 480), 50 to 100 



1 Vincent and Kanthack claim to have observed branching. 



