BACILLUS CHAUVCEL 339 



alterations of the salivary, bronchial, and pharyngeal mu- 

 cous secretions (usually increased production), croupy 

 cough, and interference with the evacuation of urine, bile, 

 and feces. Consciousness is preserved. There is no fever. 

 In a limited number of cases of poisoning by meat in Elle- 

 zelles in Belgium, the organism was cultivated from spores 

 which were present in exceedingly poisonous ham, and also 

 from the spleen of a man who had died after eating the 

 ham. It appears to be rare, and could not be found by 

 van Ermengem in the environs of men. 



Bacillus ChauvoM. Aut. gallic. 



(Plate 45.) 



Synonyms. Bacillus sarcemphysematis Kitt,- Rausch- 

 brand bacillus, Bacille du charbon symptomatique, Bacil- 

 lus of symptomatic anthrax, Bac. anthracis sympto- 

 matic! Kruse, Acetone or Forbicione of Italians. 



Literature. Kitasato (Z. H. vi, 105; vin, 55); Ellenberger and 

 Hofmeister, Path, der Haustiere (n, p. 458); Kitt (C. B. I, 684, 716, 

 741) (C. B. in, 572, connected review). 



A detailed description of the cultures is unnecessary. 

 As is shown in Plate 45, any sharp differentiation between 

 this bacillus and the Bact. tetani by means of cultures is 

 not possible, unless one makes much of the somewhat 

 greater luxuriance of the cultures of symptomatic anthrax, 

 as v. Hibler has shown. According to Votteler, the form 

 of the outgrowths in the anaerobic culture upon slanted 

 agar is more in round and arborescent lobules, not in root- 

 like outgrowths, as in malignant edema. 



The bacilli themselves exhibit active motion, dependent 

 upon peritrichous flagella (according to Votteler, 20 to 40, 

 with which our results correspond), show a tendency to 

 spindle forms upon nutrient media containing sugar, stain 

 well by Gram's l method, and often possess spores which 

 are a little nearer one end of the bacilli. Mature spores 

 are .typically polar upon serum (see p. 331). Besides, the 

 bacilli contain easily staining, clear granules. 



According to Kitasato, spore-formation occurs in the 



1 According to Giinther, they do not stain by Gram's method. 



