SPIROCHMTE OBERMEIEBL 381 



like those of the Bact. coli. In the gelatin stab there is a feeble 

 growth; the surface growth is porcelain white, markedly lobulated, 

 and after ten hours sinks into a depression. Upon potato a dry 

 growth. Nutrient fluid uniformly cloudy, without a pellicle or with 

 a scanty one. 



Spirillum stomachi. (Salomon.) L. and N. 



Salomon has described (C. B. xix, 433, ) a very interesting 

 beautiful spirillum, which has not been cultivated, and is 

 never absent from dogs' stomachs. It is also found in cats 

 and rats, and can be readily transferred to mice by feeding. 

 It occurs especially in the glands of the stomach. 



3. Spirochaete. Ehrenberg. 



The cells are flexible, and present long, pointed, spirally 

 bent threads. Flagella are unknown. Motility is assigned 

 to an undulating membrane. 



A key for their differentiation may be omitted, since 

 only two or three species are known. 



Spirochsete Obermeieri. F. Cohn.i 



(Plate 56, vm and ix.) 



Literature. Obermeier (C. f. mecl. Wiss., 1873, 145); Koch (Mitt. 

 a. d. Ges.-Amte, I, 167); Soudakewitsch (A. P. V, 545); Cohn (Bei- 

 trage, I, Heft in, 196); literature by Afanassiew (C. B. xxv, 415). 

 The personal investigations of these authors are not adapted for use 

 in a text-book. 



Bacteriologically very little is known. Large, flexible, 

 motile threads, coiled like a corkscrew, with pointed ends, 

 1^ to 26 times as long as the diameter of a blood-cell, 

 usually 20-30 p.. Flagella and spores are not known. 



1 Sakharoff discovered, in the blood of geese suffering from an epi- 

 zootic disease in Caucasus, a motile but not flexible spirochsete, 

 Spirochaete anserina Sakharoff (C. B. XI, 203), through which the 

 disease may be transferred to healthy animals. Details are given re- 

 garding it by Gabritschewsky (C. B. xxm, 365). It was not culti- 

 vated. The following may be simply mentioned: Spirochsete plica- 

 tilis Ehrenberg from marsh-water and the Spirochaete of the saliva, 

 which have been often seen but never cultivated. According to F. 

 Cohn (Beitrage, Bd. I, Heft IT, and Heft in, pp. 197, 199), these 

 varieties are not to be distinguished microscopically from the Spiroch. 

 Obermeieri. 



