58 ESSEX SOCIETY. 



barn, is fitted to tic up sixteen cows, and six oxen, and is light- 

 ed by five glass windows, having a shelf eighteen inches wide, 

 and three feet from the floor, to protect the windows, and for 

 setting pails while milking. The manure from the leanto is 

 deposited in the cellar, which is under the whole barn, nine 

 feet deep, and open to the south fifty feet, and the cellar wall 

 is from one and a half to three feet thick, mostly laid in mor- 

 tar. 



The frame of the barn is of chestnut timber entire, except 

 the rafters, which are spruce. The body of the barn, except 

 eight feet of the basement, is covered with pine boards twelve 

 inches wide, placed four inches apart, and the intervening space 

 covered with boards eight inches wide, and one and a half 

 inches thick, thus making a tight finish externally, and upon 

 the inside a space for the free circulation of air, which I deem 

 of great importance for the better preservation of the hay. 



I also erected last year, a building fifty by fifteen feet, for 

 tool house, work shop, &c., adjoining the southwest corner of 

 the barn, with a basement story eight feet high, the bottom of 

 which is on a level with the lower story of the barn, having a 

 heavy stone wall on one side and one end, the other side 

 being open to the barn yard, for the access of the cattle to the 

 watering trough, which is supplied by a lead pipe, seventy- 

 three feet to a fountain, and made to receive the water of two 

 under-drains which I have laid for the purpose of draining the 

 garden and other land about the buildings. The surplus water 

 from the above trough, is conducted through another lead pipe 

 under ground to a second trough in the barn cellar, and the 

 waste water from this trough passes off in an under-drain to 

 the field below the barn. 



I have also erected this season, another building, fifty by six- 

 teen feet, and sixteen feet post, adjoining the northeast corner 

 of the barn, fitted with seven double stalls, each six and a half 

 feet wide, for tying with chains fourteen cows, and a rack to 

 receive the hay from the loft above, and a light box under the 

 rack for grain or cut feed, with a basement beneath built of 

 stone and wood, the bottom being on a level with the barn 

 yard and barn cellar, and is used for receiving the manure from 



